文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：天保工程20年对黑龙江大兴安岭国有林区森林碳库的影响

英文题名：Effects of Natural Forest Conservation Project on Forest Carbon Pool of Key State-Owned Forest Region of Daxing’anling,Heilongjiang Province in the Past 20 Years

作者：陈科屹[1] 林田苗[2] 王建军[1] 何友均[1] 张立文[3]

第一作者：陈科屹

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所,北京100091;[2]山合林(北京)水土保持技术有限公司,北京100038;[3]大兴安岭林业集团公司,黑龙江大兴安岭地区165000

年份：2023

卷号：32

期号：6

起止页码：1016-1025

中文期刊名：生态环境学报

外文期刊名：Ecology and Environmental Sciences

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2023_2024】；

基金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金面上项目(CAFBB2021MC004);国家林业和草原局专项研究(500102-1734)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：天保工程;材积源生物量法;碳汇;碳泄漏;国有林区

外文关键词：Natural Forest Protection Program;volume-biomass method;carbon sequestration;carbon leakage;state-owned forest region

分类号：Q948;X171.4

摘要：天然林是中国应对气候变化和落实国家自主贡献的重要载体。科学评估天保工程对实施区域森林碳汇/碳源特征的影响,对于巩固提升区域尺度森林固碳增汇作用和统筹区域生态-经济-社会协调发展具有重要意义。以黑龙江大兴安岭重点国有林区为研究对象,基于多期和多类森林调查和统计数据,运用材积源生物量法,将天保工程实施过程中的人工造林、森林抚育、木材调减、森林巡护等经营管理活动产生的影响纳入核算过程,测算1998-2018年天保工程对该区域森林碳库的影响。结果表明,(1)通过实施天保工程,20年来黑龙江大兴安岭重点国有林区累计产生净固碳量1.32×10^(8)Mg,相当于抵消了同期黑龙江省二氧化碳累计排放量的近12%,且相较于生物质能和碳捕集与封存等工业措施具有明显的成本优势。(2)对存量森林资源开展森林经营管理所产生的森林碳汇量是研究区净固碳量的最大贡献来源,占比高达80.0%。(3)人工造林和调减木材任务在空间布局上的不均,是造成研究区净固碳量存在一定程度空间异质性的主要原因。(4)天保工程在实施过程中引发的碳排放、碳泄漏会抵消研究区的部分固碳效益,但抵消比例仅为0.29%,森林固碳增汇的整体效益不受影响。在后天保工程时代为持续稳定发挥研究区的森林碳库作用,建议从固碳、增汇、保汇3个方面科学强化天然林的保护与修复成效,避免或减少森林碳库无序损耗,创新天然林碳汇价值实现路径,减少计量与监测不确定性影响,实现森林生态系统固碳增汇效能持续提升。
Forest ecosystems are an important resource for China to address climate change and implement its intended nationally determined contributions.It is of great significance to scientifically evaluate the impact of the Natural Forest Protection Project on the characteristics of forest carbon sink/carbon source in the implementation area for consolidating and improving the function of forest carbon sequestration and carbon sink enhancement at the regional scale and coordinating regional eco-economy-society coordinated development.Based on the multi-period and multi-type resource survey and statistics data,using the volume-biomass method,the impacts of Natural Forest Protection Project measures(such as artificial afforestation,forest care,wood reduction,forest patrol,etc.)were included in the estimation process to comprehensively evaluate the impacts of Natural Forest Protection Project on the forest carbon pool in the key state-owned forest region of Daxing’anling in Heilongjiang Province,China during 1998–2018.The results showed that(1)through the implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Project,the cumulative net carbon sequestration in the key state-owned forest region of Daxing’anling in Heilongjiang Province had been 1.32×10^(8) Mg in the past 20 years,which was equivalent to offsetting nearly 12% of the cumulative carbon dioxide emissions of Heilongjiang Province in the same period,and compared with industrial measures such as biomass energy and carbon capture and storage,it had obvious cost advantages.(2)Among the various measures,forest carbon sequestration generated by forest management measures was the largest contribution to the net carbon sequestration in the study area,accounting for 80.0%.(3)Due to the uneven spatial distribution of the artificial afforestation area and wood reduction task,the net carbon sequestration in the study area had a certain degree of spatial heterogeneity.(4)The carbon emission and carbon leakage caused by the implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Project had offset part of the forest carbon sequestration benefit,but the offset proportion was only 0.29%,and the overall benefit of forest carbon sequestration and sink enhancement was not affected.For the post-Natural Forest Conservation Project to continuously and steadily play the role of forest carbon pool in the study area,we suggest strengthening the effectiveness of natural forest protection and restoration,avoiding or reducing the disorderly loss of forest carbon pool,innovating the realization path of natural forest carbon sink value,reducing the uncertain impact of measurement and monitoring,and finally realizing the continuous improvement of forest ecosystem carbon sequestration and sink benefits.