文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：以桉树皮为原料的有机基质对植物苗期生长酶活性的影响

英文题名：Effects of Eucalyptus Bark as Seedling Substrate on Enzyme Activity at Plant Seedling Stage

作者：黎书会[1,2] 童清[3] 唐红燕[3] 杨建荣[4] 唐永奉[4] 李金才[3] 张建珠[3] 张燕平[1] 吴疆翀[1] 贺思腾[1] 孙启涛[5]

第一作者：黎书会

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院高原林业研究所,云南昆明650233;[2]凉山彝族自治州林业草原科学研究院,四川西昌615000;[3]普洱市林业科学研究所,云南普洱665099;[4]临沧市林业科学院,云南临沧677099;[5]景谷傣族彝族自治县林涛木业有限责任公司,云南景谷665499

年份：2023

卷号：44

期号：3

起止页码：569-577

中文期刊名：热带作物学报

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2023_2024】；

基金：云南省科技计划项目(No.202004AC100001-A08-3);云南省技术创新人才培养对象项目(No.202005AD160016)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：桉树皮;育苗;腐熟程度;珍珠岩;酶活性

外文关键词：Eucalyptus bark;nursery;decomposition;perlite;enzymatic activity

分类号：S311

摘要：尾巨桉为巨桉(父本)和尾叶桉(母本)的杂交种。具有生长迅速,干形通直,出材量高,轮伐期短,萌芽力强,适应性强等优点,现已成为云南省重点林区、重要的商品用材林基地和林产工业基地的主要栽培树种。因其含有内源植物生长抑制物,其木材加工剩余物的处理问题至今仍未得到有效解决。通过添加尿素、鸡羊粪、EM菌和酵素菌于桉树皮中进行腐熟发酵,促进其内源抑制物降解,使其成为理化性质与泥炭土相似的有机基质。为揭示3种不同腐熟程度(未腐熟,腐熟40 d,腐熟60 d)桉树皮复配3种体积比(10%,20%,30%)珍珠岩对植物苗期生长酶活性的影响,采用两因素三水平对4种作物(番茄、青花、生菜、辣木)进行大棚育苗盒育苗,在生长6~8周后测定叶片中6种与碳、氮代谢相关的酶(SS,SPS,Rubisco,GS,GOGAT,NR)活性。结果表明,腐熟程度与复配珍珠岩比例对番茄、青花、生菜的SPS酶活性存在极显著交互作用(P<0.01),整体而言氮代谢相关酶的活性受腐熟程度的影响比碳代谢相关酶大。3种蔬菜在腐熟60 d桉树皮中的酶活性均显著高于对照泥炭土、桉树皮生料与腐熟40 d桉树皮(P<0.05),其中,生菜在复配30%珍珠岩中的酶活性显著更高(P<0.05);此外,3种蔬菜在复配20%珍珠岩的腐熟40 d桉树皮基质中的酶活性显著高于泥炭土(P<0.05)。而辣木在泥炭土中的酶活性显著高于桉树皮基质(P<0.05),且在生料中显著高于经腐熟的桉树皮(P<0.05)。桉树皮内源化合物对植物生长过程中碳、氮代谢相关酶活性的影响机理有待进一步研究。
Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis is a hybrid of Eucalyptus grandis(♂)and Eucalyptus urophylla(♀).It has the advantages of rapid growth,straight trunk,high yield,short rotation period,easy to germinate,strong adaptability and so on.So it has become the main cultivated tree species in the key forest areas,important commercial timber forest bases and forest products industrial bases of Yunnan Province.Due to its endogenous plant growth inhibitors,the dis-posal of wood processing residues has not yet been effectively solved.In this study,urea,manure from chicken and sheep,EM bacteria and enzyme bacteria were added to Eucalyptus bark for decomposing fermentation to promote the degradation of its endogenous inhibitors,making it an organic substrate with similar physical and chemical properties to peat.In order to reveal the effects of three levels of decomposed Eucalyptus bark(raw/40-day/60-day)compounding with three volume ratios(10%,20%and 30%)of perlite on the enzymatic activity at plant seedling stage,four crops(Lycopersicon esculentum,Brassica oleracea,Lactuca sativa and Moringa oleifera)were cultivated in a greenhouse using the two-factor and three-level experimental design.After 6?8 weeks of growth,the activity of six enzymes asso-ciated with carbon and nitrogen metabolism(SS,SPS,Rubisco,GS,GOGAT,NR)in the leaves was determined.The results showed that the decomposition level and the proportion of perlite had the extremely significant interaction on the SPS activities of L.esculentum,B.oleracea and L.sativa(P<0.01).On the whole,the activity of enzymes related to nitrogen metabolism was more affected by the decomposition level than those related to carbon metabolism.The enzy-matic activity of the three vegetables in 60-day-decomposed Eucalyptus bark were significantly higher than those in the control peat,raw Eucalyptus bark and 40-day-decomposed Eucalyptus bark(P<0.05).Among them,the enzyme activity of L.sativa in compound 30%perlite was significantly higher(P<0.05).In addition,the enzymatic activity of the three vegetables in 40-day-decomposed Eucalyptus bark compounding with 20%perlite were significantly higher than those in peat(P<0.05).The enzymatic activity of M.oleifera in peat was significantly higher than that in Eucalyptus bark substrate(P<0.05),and that in raw Eucalyptus bark was significantly higher than that in decomposed Eucalyptus bark.Besides,the mechanism of endogenous compounds in Eucalyptus bark influence on the activity of enzymes related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism during plant growth needs to be further studied.