文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：暖温带森林演替中不同菌根类型植物群落多样性及与土壤环境因子的关系研究

英文题名：Study on the Diversity of Plant Communities of Different Mycorrhizal Types and Their Relationships with Soil Environmental Factors Along Warm Temperate Forest Succession

作者：李想[1,2,8] 栾军伟[3,8] 闫满玉[4,8] 邸雅平[5,6,8] 焦铸锦[7] 高茜[1] 牛保亮[1,8] 孙鹏森[1,8] 刘世荣[1,8]

第一作者：李想

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091;[2]北京市农林科学院草业花卉与景观生态研究所,北京10097;[3]国际竹藤中心三亚研究基地,三亚572022;[4]河南宝天曼自然保护区管理局,内乡474350;[5]国际竹藤中心竹藤资源与环境研究所,国家林业和草原局/北京市共建竹藤科学与技术重点实验室,北京100102;[6]四川省林业科学研究院,成都610081;[7]南阳师范学院水资源与现代农业学院,南阳473061;[8]河南宝天曼森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,内乡474350

年份：2025

卷号：5

期号：4

起止页码：1-12

中文期刊名：陆地生态系统与保护学报

外文期刊名：Terrestrial Ecosystem and Conservation

基金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划(2021YFD2200403,2021YFD2200405)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：菌根;树种;多样性;土壤养分;生态位分化

外文关键词：mycorrhiza;tree species;diversity;soil nutrients;niche differentiation

分类号：S718.5

摘要：【目的】为增强对典型森林生态系统中不同菌根类型植物群落的多样性、土壤理化性质随演替的变化规律,以及土壤环境因素变化对不同菌根类型树木群落变化影响的科学理解。【方法】采用空间代替时间方法,选择中国暖温带地区典型天然林群落锐齿槲栎(Quercus aliena var.acutiserrata)林的3个演替阶段(早期森林,early forest,EF;林龄90 a的锐齿槲栎成熟林,mature oak forest,MOF;林龄190 a的锐齿槲栎过熟林,over-mature oak forest,OMOF)为研究对象,分析演替过程由全部树种(all tree species,All)、外生菌根类型树种(ectomycorrhiza,EcM)和非外生菌根类型(non-ectomycorrhiza,non-EcM)树种各自构成群落的多样性和样地土壤理化性质特征,探讨演替中土壤环境因素变化对不同菌根类型树木群落多样性的影响。【结果】1)全部树种和Ec M类型树种构成植物群落的α多样性(丰富度和香农指数)随演替有显著变化(P<0.05);α多样性均是在EF最高(All:12和1.92;EcM:5和1.10),OMOF次之(All:8和1.62;EcM:3和0.55),MOF最低(All:8和1.23;EcM:2和0.27)。2)α多样性在non-EcM树种构成群落的不同演替阶段之间无显著差异(P>0.05),但均高于相同演替阶段的EcM树种构成的群落。3)EcM类型树种的相对优势度与整个林分的α多样性指数存在负相关关系。4)全部树种、EcM类型树种构成群落在3个演替阶段之间均有显著差异(β多样性,P<0.05),但non-EcM树种构成群落没有显著差异(P>0.05)。5)各土层土壤物理性质在不同演替阶段之间的差异均不显著(P>0.05);0~10 cm的土壤pH值和铵态氮含量随演替逐渐降低(P<0.05);10~20 cm的pH值和总钙含量均在EF阶段最高(分别为5.25±0.06和5.29±0.72 g·kg^(-1)),且均显著高于最低的MOF阶段(分别为4.95±0.07和3.52±0.21 g·kg^(-1);P<0.05)。6)样地坡向,0~10 cm速效磷含量和总孔隙度,10~20 cm土壤总钙含量、速效磷含量对全部树种和EcM树种构成群落随演替的变化(β多样性)均具有显著影响(P<0.05)。【结论】以暖温带锐齿槲栎森林为顶级群落的森林演替遵循“EcM优势度假说”。全部树种、EcM类型树种构成群落的多样性随演替过程均具有显著变化。10~20 cm土层的土壤钙和速效磷含量是驱动暖温带锐齿槲栎林演替中全部树种、EcM树种构成群落β多样性的主要土壤因素。
【Objective】This study was aimed to understand the changing patterns of the diversity of plant communities of different mycorrhizal types,soil characteristics during forest succession,and the effect of changes in soil environmental factors on the changes of tree communities of different mycorrhizal types.【Method】Using the space-for-time substitution method,three forest succession stages(early forest,EF;90-year-old mature oak forest,MOF and 190-year-old over-mature oak forest,OMOF)of the typical natural forest community,Quercus aliena var.acutiserrata Maxim forests,in the warm temperate zone of central China were selected as research objects.The study analysed the diversity characteristics of the community composed of all tree species(All),ectomycorrhiza tree species(EcM)and non-ectomycorrhiza tree species(non-EcM),as well as the soil physicochemical properties in the succession process.It further explored the impacts of changes in soil environmental factors during succession on the diversity of tree communities of different mycorrhiza types.【Result】1)Theαdiversity(richness and Shannon index)of plant communities formed by all tree species and those composed of EcM tree species changed significantly across successional stages(P<0.05);for both groups,theα-diversity was highest in EF(All:12 and 1.92;EcM:5 and 1.10),followed by OMOF(All:8 and 1.62;EcM:3 and 0.5),and lowest in MOF(All:8 and 1.23;EcM:2 and 0.27).2)Theαdiversity for communities constituted by non-ectomycorrhiza(non-EcM)tree species showed no significant differences among succession stages(P>0.05)but was consistently higher than that of the EcM tree community within the same succession stage.3)There was a negative correlation between the relative dominance of EcM tree species within a stand and theαdiversity of the community composed of all tree species within that stand.4)The communities composed of all tree species and those formed by EcM tree species showed significant differences among the three succession stages(β-diversity,P<0.05),but no significant difference was observed for the communities composed of non-EcM tree species(P>0.05).5)Whether in the 0~10 cm layer or the 10~20 cm layer,the differences in soil physical properties among different succession stages were not significant(P>0.05);the soil pH and ammonium nitrogen contents in the 0~10 cm layer gradually decreased with succession(P<0.05);the pH and total calcium contents in the 10~20 cm layer were the highest at the EF stage(5.25±0.06 and 5.29±0.72 g·kg^(-1),respectively),and were significantly higher than those at the lowest MOF stage(4.95±0.07 and 3.52±0.21 g·kg^(-1)respectively;P<0.05).6)The slope aspect of the plot,available phosphorus contents and total porosity in the 0~10 cm soil layer,and total calcium and available phosphorus contents in the 10~20 cm soil layer have significant effects onβdiversities of communities composed of all tree species and those of EcM tree species in succession(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Forest succession with Q.aliena forests as the climax community in the warm temperate zone follows the"EcM dominance hypothesis".The diversity of plant communities composed of all tree species and those formed by EcM tree species changes significantly with the succession process.Soil calcium and available phosphorus contents in the 10~20 cm soil layer are the main soil factors driving theβdiversities of the communities composed by all tree species and those formed by EcM tree species in the succession.