文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：计划烧除对寒温带沟塘草甸可燃物载量、土壤元素含量和植被生产力的影响

英文题名：Effects of Prescribed Burning on Fuel Load,Soil Nutrient Elements and Vegetation Productivity in Swamp Meadow in Cold Temperate Zone

作者：丁永全[1,2] 司莉青[1] 赵凤君[1] 舒立福[1] 陈锋[3] 李威[1] 李笑笑[1]

第一作者：丁永全

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,国家林业和草原局森林保护学重点实验室,黑龙江大兴安岭森林防火国家长期科研基地,北京100091;[2]大兴安岭地区农业林业科学研究院,黑龙江嫩江源森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,大兴安岭森林湿地生态系统国家长期科研基地,加格达奇165000;[3]北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院,北京100083

年份：2023

卷号：3

期号：2

起止页码：47-55

中文期刊名：陆地生态系统与保护学报

外文期刊名：Terrestrial Ecosystem and Conservation

基金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目课题(2020YFC1511601);国家自然科学基金(32071778,32271895)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：计划烧除;寒温带;沟塘草甸;可燃物;营养元素;生产力

外文关键词：prescribed burning;cold temperate zone;swamp meadow;fuel;nutrient element;productivity

分类号：S762

摘要：【目的】通过调查和分析,明确计划烧除对寒温带沟塘草甸可燃物载量、土壤元素和植被生产力的影响,为东北重点林区实施计划烧除提供理论依据和数据支撑。【方法】以大兴安岭寒温带沟塘草甸为对象,选取沟谷内长2000 m、宽500 m的草甸,沿预测火蔓延方向设置2列各30个1 m×1 m的样方,于2021年10月14日上午和10月17日分别调查了计划烧除前和计划烧除后的可燃物载量,2022年5月10日采样测定了计划烧除后火烧区域和未火烧区域的土壤营养元素含量,8月20日采样测定了计划烧除后火烧区域和未火烧区域的叶片元素含量和植被生产力。【结果】计划烧除能有效降低87%的沟塘草甸可燃物载量,草甸植物的高度火前为82.1 cm,火后仅为11.5 cm,且烧除的均为地上部分,不影响第2年植物生长。相比于未火烧区域,火烧区域第2年5月份0~10 cm土壤pH值升高、土壤全碳(C)含量下降、土壤速效氮(N)和速效磷(P)含量显著升高。火烧区域和未火烧区域的植被生产力以及叶片C、N、P含量差异不显著。【结论】在适宜气象条件下实施寒温带湿地沟塘草甸的计划烧除,可显著减少有效可燃物载量,降低林火发生的危险性。由于火烧强度低,不会对植被生产力产生显著影响。
【Objective】Based on the investigation and analysis,the effects of prescribed burning on fuel load,soil elements and vegetation productivity of swamp meadow in cold temperate zone were determined,it can provide theoretical basis and data support for the implementation of prescribed burning in key forest areas of Northeast China.【Method】Taking the cold temperate swamp meadow in the Daxing’anling as the study area,a swamp meadow with a valley length of 2000 m and width of 500 m was selected,and two rows each 30 squares(1 m×1 m)were set along the expected direction of fire spread.The changes of fuel loads were investigated before and after prescribed burning on October 14th and on October 17th,the 2021.Sampling and determination soil nutrient element content in the burned and unburned areas after the prescribed burning on May 10th,the 2022.Sampling and determination leaf element content and vegetation productivity in the burned and unburned areas after the prescribed burning on August 20th,the 2022.【Result】The prescribed burning could effectively reduce the fuel load of swamp meadow by 87%.The height of the meadow plants before the burning was 82.1 cm,and the height after the burning was only 11.5 cm,and all the burned parts of grass were above ground,which would not affect the grass growth of the next year.In the May of the second year,in 0~10 cm soil of the burned area,soil pH increased,soil total C content decreased,and soil available N and P contents increased significantly compared with those in unburned areas.However,there were no significant differences in plant productivity,C,N and P elements.【Conclusion】The prescribed burning in swamp meadow in cold temperate zone under suitable meteorological conditions could significantly reduce the fuel loads and the risk of forest fire.At the same time,due to the low fire intensity,it would not have a significant impact on the content of nutrient elements in plant productivity.