文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：福建森林文化历史演变探究

英文题名：Study on the Historical Evolution of Forest Culture in Fujian Province

作者：马国洲[1] 樊宝敏[1]

第一作者：马国洲

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所,北京100091

年份：2022

卷号：42

期号：4

起止页码：380-394

中文期刊名：林业经济问题

外文期刊名：Issues of Forestry Economics

收录：CSTPCD;;国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；

基金：中国林业科学研究院基金项目(CAFYBB2019ZC005);中国工程院院地合作项目(2019-FJ-ZD-4-3)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：森林文化;林权改革;生态文明;历史经验;福建

外文关键词：forest culture;forest property rights reform;ecological civilization;historical experience;Fujian

分类号：F326.29

摘要：基于史料、已有研究以及典型调查的数据,对福建省森林文化不同历史时期的演进脉络进行系统梳理并总结森林文化发展的历史经验。研究表明:福建森林文化先后经历了先秦时期的森林原始利用和仙道文化、秦汉至隋唐时期人工林的兴起和禅茶文化、宋元明清时期的山耕文化、近代的木业文化,以及现代的林家文化等发展阶段。福建森林文化取得重要成就,积累了宝贵的历史经验:人与森林和谐共生,在传承中创新发展,通过改革林权以激发林业发展活力,坚持理论创新并用新的理念武装人的头脑。福建森林文化历史是一部好的教科书,值得全国学习和推广。
⑴ Background——Fujian is a region with the richest forest resources and the most developed forest culture in China.In the new era of ecological civilization, it is of great significance to deeply excavate and systematically sort out the evolution skeleton of forest culture in Fujian Province and summarize its experience, lessons and development rules to promote Fujian’s ecological civilization construction and Rural Revitalization Strategy and play an exemplary role in China.⑵ Methods——First, collect archaeological historical materials, local chronicles, forestry history, periodicals and documents related to Fujian forest culture. Then, in March 2019 and September 2020, I went to Wuyishan, Jianou, Shunchang, Yanping, Fuzhou, Pucheng, Youxi, Dehua, Putian, Zhangzhou and other places in Fujian to conduct on-the-spot inspections, and communicated with local forestry cadres and workers, some Forest farmers and technicians conduct interviews to learn more about forestry heritage and forest culture. Finally, on the basis of collecting historical data, typical survey data, and synthesizing existing research results, starting from exploring the changes of Fujian’s forest culture, forestry heritage resources and forestry development process, systematically sort out the evolution context of the forest culture of Fujian Province in different historical periods.⑶ Results——The development stages of forest culture in Fujian Province are as follows: the primitive utilization of forests and the Immortal-Taoism culture in the pre-Qin period, the artificial forests and Zen tea culture from the Qin and Han dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the mountain farming culture, the modern wood industry culture and the modern Lin family culture in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.The culture of forest cutting, utilization and nature worship was formed in the pre-Qin period.Before the Tang Dynasty, bamboo culture and tea culture were formed.From the Song Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty, litchi culture and cunninghamia culture were formed.In modern times, it was mainly the introduction of western forestry science and technology and the rise of forestry education.At present, forest protection and cultivation, forest property rights reform, forest science and technology education, urban forestry, forest tourism, etc.develop greatly and rapidly.Generally speaking, forest cultural resources and assets are the precious wealth accumulated by the dual effects of long-term evolution of nature and historical creation of human beings.They are not only the display of forest biodiversity, but also the witness of human history and the embodiment of human cultural diversity.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——During the development of forest culture in Fujian Province for more than 5000 years, Fujian carried on the bold exploration and unremitting practice and carried out the forest utilization, afforestation and forest products development, thus a series of important achievements are made in the forest property rights reform and forestry system culture construction, precious and rich historical experience is accumulated, and it becomes a model of forest culture construction in China.First, “human and forest coexist”.The development experience of forest culture in Fujian province shows that human and forest are interdependent, symbiotic and co-prosperous.Second, “wisdom is accumulated in ancient and modern times”.The achievements of forest culture in Fujian province are made by Fujian people in the process of gradual accumulation and continuous innovation in the forestry production practice for thousands of years.Third, “focus on forest property rights reform”.Only by constantly innovating systems and mechanisms, releasing the vitality of market economy and market elements, can we mobilize people’s enthusiasm to protect and develop forests and bring benefits to the society.Fourth, “insist on cultivating people with culture”.In order to realize the sustainable development of society, we must pay attention to the innovation of forest theory, develop forestry education, advocate opening up and communication, and firmly establish the values of ecological civilization.