文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：日本落叶松整形修剪对母株生长、产穗量、插穗生根和扦插苗生长的影响

英文题名：EFFECTS OF PRUNING IN DIFFERENT TYPES ON GROWTH AND CUTTING PRODUCTION OF ORTETS AND ROOTING AND GROWTH OF CUTTINGS

作者：王笑山[1] 孙晓梅[1] 齐力旺[1] 王建华[1] 王树仁[2]

第一作者：王笑山

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所;[2]辽宁省宽甸县林业局

年份：2003

卷号：39

期号：2

起止页码：44-51

中文期刊名：林业科学

外文期刊名：Scientia Silvae Sinicae

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2000】；CSCD:【CSCD2011_2012】；

基金："九五"科技攻关专题 ( 96-0 11-0 4);"十五"科技攻关专题 (编号 :2 0 0 2BA5 15B0 40 1)部分研究内容

语种：中文

中文关键词：日本落叶松;母松整形修剪;幼化;生根率;扦插苗生长

外文关键词：Larix kaempferi, Pruning of the ortets, Rejuvenation, Rooting percentage, Growth of rooted cuttings

分类号：S791.223

摘要：研究了高、中柱式、矮台式整形修剪方法对不同年龄 (2～ 1 0a生 )日本落叶松采穗母株生长、产穗量、插穗生根 (无激素处理 )及 2a生扦插苗生长的影响。结果表明 ,日本落叶松实生幼年母株每年进行整形修剪 ,虽然不能完全抑制老龄化对母株插穗生根的影响 ,但有助于幼化复壮母株组织。未加整形修剪的 1 0a(实际为 9 5a)生树形母株的插穗生根率只有 2 4 8% ,而同龄经不同剪控措施处理的母株插穗生根率可达5 5 2 %～ 81 1 % (平均 64 9% ) ,均极显著地大于对照。整形修剪方式不同 ,对母株生长 (地径 )、产穗量和插穗生根率等的影响不同。高、中柱式母株由于修剪相对较轻 ,生长量大、产穗量高 ,3 5a ,5 5a和 8 5a生 3个年龄阶段平均产穗量分别为 1 1 0 5 ,2 3 7 0 ,1 73 0穗和 85 9,1 5 0 7,98 0穗 ,均显著或极显著地大于矮台式母株(相应地分别为 5 4 3 ,61 4 ,4 3 0穗 )。高、中柱式母株虽在生长和产穗量方面具有明显的优势 ,但母株 5 5a生以后插穗生根率呈下降趋势 ,至 9 5a生时骤降至 5 8 3 % ,5 5 3 %。受连年重剪的影响 ,矮台式母株生长量小、产穗量小、死亡率高 ,但延缓老龄化和幼化效果好 ,7 5a以后插穗生根率才开始下降。与高、中柱式相比 ,母株插穗生根率开始下降的年龄推迟约 2a,并?
Effects of Larix kaempferi pruned in different types on growth and cutting production of ortets,cutting rooting ability and growth of 2-year-old rooted cuttings were compared at different ages (from 2-year-old to 10-year-old) of ortets. The result showed that ortets originated from L. kaempferi seedlings were cut at a height of 20～140 cm and trimmed or pruned each year could delay the time of occurrence of aging effect and reduce the effect to some extent. Rooting percentage of cuttings taken from 10-year-old ortets pruned in different types,which was 55.2%～81.1%,were extremely higher than that of cuttings taken from ortets of tree form in the same age,which was 24.8%.This showed that pruning each year could rejuvenate the tissue of ortets when they got older. Ortets pruned in different types resulted in different growth (diameter above ground), cutting production and rooting percentage of cuttings collected from them. Ortets pruned in long- and middle-sized cylindricality grew better, and produced more cuttings because of they were pruned relatively light compared with low-sized table type. These two types of ortets produced 110.5, 237.0, 173.0 cuttings and 85.9, 150.7, 98.0 cuttings respectively on average at ages of 3.5, 5.5, 8.5 years old, which were obviously higher than ortets pruned in low-sized table type with 54.3, 61.4, 43.0 cuttings. Though the long- and middle-sized cylindricality ortets had advantages in growth and cutting production, the effects of controlling maturation and rejuvenating were not as well as expected. Rooting percentages of cuttings taken from ortets of long- and middle-sized types decreased after ortets were 5.5-year-old, then sharply down to 58.3% and 55.3% respectively. Ortets of low-sized table type had lower survival and growth rate, and lower cutting production owing to heavy pruning,but gave good results in delaying aging effect and rejuvenating. Rooting percentage of cuttings collected from low-sized table ortets decreased smoothly after ortets were 7.5 years old, which was two year delay compared with long-sized cylindricality. Rooting percentage of cutting could still be 81.1% when the ortets were 9.5 years old. There was no obvious difference in height growth of two-year-old rooted cuttings derived from different types of ortets when they were younger (2.5-year-old), yet significant difference in height growth could be found between two types of 2-year-old rooted cuttings derived from ortets of low-sized table and long-sized cylindricality type when they were 7.5 years old. For increasing cutting production, ortets should be pruned in long-sized cylindricality type at the primary stage when the orchard was just established,and after years (8 years old) the ortets should be cut back (from the height of 40 cm above ground) to improve rooting ability of cuttings and prolong using time of the orchard.