文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：杉木不同世代育种群体遗传多样性回溯分析与核心种质构建

英文题名：Genetic diversity retrospective analysis and core collection construction for different generations of Cunninghamia lanceolata breeding population

作者：徐克芹[1] 喻龙华[1] 张华聪[1] 何平[1] 孙建军[1] 李峰卿[1] 厉月桥[1]

第一作者：徐克芹

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心,江西分宜336600

年份：2025

卷号：45

期号：9

起止页码：39-49

中文期刊名：中南林业科技大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：江西省重点研发计划项目(20223BBF61005);江西省级杉木、马尾松等良种基地2022年省级林业补助专项资金林木种苗培育补助项目(300100205);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2022ZC005,CAFYBB2023MB036)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：杉木;育种群体;遗传多样性;遗传结构;核心种质

外文关键词：Cunninghamia lanceolata;breeding populations;genetic diversity;genetic structure;core collection

分类号：S722.31

摘要：【目的】分析杉木不同世代育种群体的遗传多样性和遗传结构,重建各世代育种亲本的遗传谱系图,用于指导育种亲本的选配,同时构建杉木核心种质。【方法】选取388份不同世代杉木育种无性系亲本(初代74份、1代70份、2代107份、3代137份),通过EST-SSR分析16个位点的遗传数据。采用分析遗传多样性参数、遗传变异及遗传分化系数评估杉木不同世代育种群体遗传多样性水平,结合聚类分析和群体结构分析确定育种群体分组情况和育种群体遗传谱系,基于等位基因最大化原则抽取核心种质。【结果】1)共扩增出640个多态位点,每个位点平均有40个等位基因。有效等位基因均值为16.25,香农指数达到2.942,多态性信息指数均值为0.942,固定指数均值为0.97,表明群体间具有高度多态性。整体而言,杉木育种群体整体遗传多样性从初代到高世代呈逐步提升的趋势;2)通过聚类分析,将4个育种群体划分为3个不同的类群,每个类群按照材料特性和亲缘关系进行分类;3)筛选出127份核心种质,构建的核心种质库保留了100%等位基因数,经遗传参数T验证其有效性。【结论】杉木不同世代育种群体表现出较高的遗传多样性且群体间遗传分化较小,高世代育种阶段有效维持了群体的多样性水平。重建的育种亲本遗传谱系图为优良亲本科学选配提供了指导依据,筛选出的核心种质完整保留了原始种质的等位基因多样性,代表性强,可为后续杉木优良品种选育、种质资源高效利用和种群持续性繁荣奠定坚实的遗传基础。
【Objective】To analyze the genetic diversity and genetic structure of different generations of Chinese fir breeding populations,reconstruct the genetic pedigree of breeding parents from each generation to guide the selection and mating of breeding parents,and establish a core germplasm of Chinese fir.【Method】A total of 388 Chinese fir breeding clonal parents from different generations(74 from the initial generation,70 from the first generation,107 from the second generation,and 137 from the third generation)were used as materials.Genetic data were analyzed based on EST-SSR,and the overall level of breeding populations was reflected by the polymorphism and genetic differentiation parameters of 16 loci.Genetic diversity parameters,genetic variation,and genetic differentiation coefficients were used to analyze the genetic diversity levels of Chinese fir breeding populations across different generations.Clustering analysis and population structure analysis were conducted to determine population groupings and genetic pedigrees of breeding populations.Core germplasm was selected based on the principle of maximizing alleles.【Result】1)A total of 640 polymorphic loci were amplified with 16 primer pairs,with an average of 40 alleles per locus.The mean effective number of alleles was 16.25,the Shannon index was 2.942,the mean polymorphism information content(PIC)was 0.942,and the mean fixation index was 0.97,indicating high polymorphism among populations.The overall genetic diversity of the Chinese fir breeding populations was higher than that of the initial generation,with the second and third generations exhibiting higher diversity than the overall level;2)The four breeding populations were divided into three different groups,with individuals grouped according to material characteristics and genetic relationships;3)A total of 127 core germplasms were selected,and the constructed core germplasm bank retained 100%of the alleles.The effectiveness of the core germplasm bank was verified through a genetic parameter T-test.【Conclusion】The different generations of Chinese fir breeding populations exhibited high genetic diversity and low genetic differentiation,indicating that advanced-generation breeding effectively maintains genetic variation within populations.The reconstructed pedigree map of breeding parents provides a scientific basis for the rational selection and crossbreeding of elite parents.Moreover,the identified core collection retains 100%of the allelic diversity of the original germplasm and shows strong representativeness,laying a solid genetic foundation for the future selection of superior varieties,efficient utilization of germplasm resources,and sustainable development of breeding populations.