文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：柚木野螟各虫态形态与发育历期观测

英文题名：Observations on the morphological characteristics and the developmental periods of Eutectona machaeralis (Walker)

作者：蓝来娇[1] 张媛媛[1] 马涛[1] 胡可炎[1] 王胜坤[2] 孙朝辉[1] 王偲[1] 陈晓阳[1] 温秀军[1]

第一作者：蓝来娇

机构：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院;[2]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所

年份：2019

卷号：41

期号：1

起止页码：202-207

中文期刊名：环境昆虫学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Environmental Entomology

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2019_2020】；

基金：广东省自然科学基金项目(2015A030313847);广东省林业科技创新项目(2017KJCX045);广东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201810564141)

语种：中文

中文关键词：柚木野螟;虫态;发育历期

外文关键词：Eutectona machaeralis;morphological characteristics;developmental period

分类号：Q965;S433.5

摘要：柚木野螟Eutectona machaeralis Walker属鳞翅目Lepidoptera草螟科Crambidae,是危害柚木Tectona grandis的一种主要食叶害虫,目前对其生物学特性的研究仍较少。本研究主要观察了柚木野螟生长发育过程中不同虫态的形态特征,并对其虫龄进行了划分,主要研究结果如下:柚木野螟属于全变态昆虫,各个时期形态和体色均不同。卵初产时为近透明球体,后变浅黄色;幼虫体色变化为乳白色→淡绿色→黄褐色;蛹体色变化为黄绿色→茶褐色→黑褐色;雄成虫腹部细长,末端尖,静止时从背面可见腹部末端,而雌成虫腹面粗短,末端钝,静止时从背面很少看到腹部末端。观察可知,在光暗周期L∶D=14∶10、室温26℃±1℃、相对湿度75%-80%的实验室环境条件下,柚木野螟交尾后产卵前期为3.2 d,产卵期为4.4 d,孵化期为4 d;幼虫期为10-13 d。通过测量柚木野螟各龄幼虫头壳宽度并计算得到Crosby指数,可知幼虫不同阶段头壳宽度存在显著差异,并且得到的Crosby指数小于10%,所以可依据头壳宽度将柚木野螟幼虫划分为5个龄期,1龄幼虫2-3 d,2龄幼虫2 d,3龄幼虫2 d,4龄幼虫2 d,5龄幼虫3 d;预蛹期1-2 d,蛹期6 d,一个世代大约24.5 d。
As one of the most damaging pests of Tectona grandis , the biology of Eutectona machaeralis (Walker) is not well studied. We deeply observed its morphological characteristics, including the larval development, adult emergence, and made classifications for the larvae s age. The results were as followed: the pest was all-perverted, and each states characteristics were different.Eggs during the first round of developmental stage were nearly transparent sphere, and pale yellow in late development;the newly hatched larvae were milky white, then pale green, and mature larvae were brown;early pupa were yellow-green, while the late pupa were brown, and the pre-eclosion pupa were dark brown;the abdomen of male adults was slender with sharp tip, and the end of it could be seen from the back when the pest stands still;while the abdomen of female adults was stubby with blunt tip, and the end of it could not be seen from the back when the pest stands still. Observation showed that after mating, the pre-oviposition period was about 3.2 d, the spawning period was about 4.4 d, the incubation period was about 4 d, and the larval period was 10-13 days under the environment of L ∶ D=14 ∶ 10, room temperature 26℃±1℃ and relative humidity of 75%-80%. By measuring the head shell width of each age larvae, and calculating the Crosby index, we could see that there were significant differences in the head shell width at different stages of larvae. And the Crosby index was less than 10%, there fore the larvae could be divided into 5 age instar groups according to the width of the head shell, 1 st instar 2-3 d, 2 nd instar 2 d, 3 rd instar 2 d, 4 th instar 2 d, 5 th instar 3 d;pre-pupal instar 1-2 d, pupal instar 6 d, a generation about 24.5 d.