文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：宁南黄土丘陵区中庄小流域土壤水分空间变异及影响因子

英文题名：Spatial variability of soil moisture in Zhongzhuang small watershed,loess hilly region,southern Ningxia and influencing factors

作者：韩新生[1,2,3] 于艺鹏[3] 蔡进军[4] 李振华[5] 许浩[2] 李维倩[4] 郭永忠[2] 万海霞[2] 王月玲[2] 董立国[2] 刘广全[1]

第一作者：韩新生

机构：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038;[2]宁夏农林科学院林业与草地生态研究所宁夏防沙治沙与水土保持重点实验室,宁夏生态修复与多功能林业综合研究中心,银川750002;[3]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091;[4]宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,银川750002;[5]新乡学院土木工程与建筑学院,河南新乡453003

年份：2022

卷号：20

期号：3

起止页码：44-52

中文期刊名：中国水土保持科学

外文期刊名：Science of Soil and Water Conservation

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2021_2022】；

基金：宁夏重点研发计划“宁南山区美丽乡村与高效生态农业科技创新与示范工程”(2019BBF02025);IWHR基本科研业务费专项“全球土壤侵蚀和江河泥沙时空分布及其变化研究”(SC0145B012021);宁夏农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范课题“黄土丘陵区水土保持关键技术集成研究与示范”(NGSB20211402);“黄土丘陵区主要人工林稳定性及低效林改造研究”(NGSB20211401);宁夏重点研发计划“宁夏黄土丘陵区小流域生态综合治理与高质量发展技术集成与示范”(2020BCF01001);宁夏自然科学基金项目“土壤微生物群落组装方式对黄土丘陵区植被恢复的响应机制”(2020AAC03293)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：土壤水分;空间异质性;土地利用;植被盖度;植物种类;立地环境;中庄小流域

外文关键词：soil moisture;spatial heterogeneity;land use;vegetation coverage;plant species;site environment;Zhongzhuang small watershed

分类号：S157.4

摘要：为阐明小流域土壤水分空间变异及关键作用因子,以宁南黄土丘陵区中庄小流域为研究对象,于2020年生长季后期,按照植被种类及立地环境差异采集141个样点的土壤含水量(SMC)数据,深度为200 cm,通过经典统计学方法分析生物因子及立地条件对土壤水分空间变异的影响。结果表明:随土层加深、坡度增加、坡向由阴转阳、坡位从下至上,SMC均呈先降低后稳定的趋势。其中,土层间SMC变异在0~100 cm弱于100~200 cm。主成分分析显示:坡位、植被盖度、土地利用等因素可以解释SMC变异信息的65.05%。土地利用方式对SMC的影响表现为:次生林>川道地>梯田>荒地>人工林。人工林、苜蓿、柠条和沙棘在80~200 cm土层的SMC分别显著低于其他土地利用方式。植被盖度对0~60 cm的SMC起正效应,对60~200 cm起负效应。总的来说,苜蓿、柠条、沙棘等植被和上坡位、阳坡、陡坡等立地的土壤水分较低,在流域植被结构优化调整时,应重视地形因素与植被特征的综合影响。
[Background]Soil moisture is not only an important component of eco-hydrological process and material energy cycle,but also a key factor limits the plant growth and vegetation reconstruction in arid and semi-arid areas.Quantifying the spatial variability of soil moisture and assessing the main influencing factors provide important references for regional ecosystem restoration and agricultural production.[Methods]In the late growing season of 2020,a soil moisture survey with 141 samples in 200 cm thicknesswas carried out by the soil drilling method,in the Zhongzhuang small watershed,a loess hilly region of southern Ningxia.Soil moisture content(SMC)was measured in 20 cm per layer,and the effects of land use,vegetation coverage,plant species,slope gradient,slope aspect,and slope position on soil moisture were analyzed through classical statistical methods.[Results]The SMC firstly decreased then stabilized with the soil layer deepening,with the slope gradient rising,with the slope direction changing from the north-faced to the south-faced,and with the slope position moving from the bottom to the up.The degree of SMC variation was lighter in 0-100 cm than in 100-200 cm.According to a principal component analysis,65.05%of SMC variation could be well explained by the slope position,vegetation coverage,land use,etc.The SMC in 5 land uses were ordered as secondary forest>flat field>terraced field>wasteland>artificial forest.The 80-200 cm SMC in artificial forest,Medicago sativa,Caragana korshinskii,H.rhamnoides were significantly lower than in other land uses.With the vegetation coverage increasing,the 0-60 cm SMC gradually increased,whereas the 60-200 cm SMC gradually decreased.[Conclusions]In general,lower SMC occursin vegetation types such as M.sativa,C.korshinskii,H.rhamnoides and site conditions such as upslope,sunny slope,and steep slope.When optimizing and adjusting the vegetation structure in the watershed,attentions should be paid to the comprehensive influence of topographical factors and vegetation characteristics.