文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：修剪措施对油茶枝条和叶片生长及营养元素的影响

英文题名：Effect of Different Pruning Treatments on Branch and Leaf Growth and Nutrients Element of Camellia oleifera

作者：王开良[1] 姚小华[1] 申巍[2] 龙伟[1] 王毅[3]

第一作者：王开良

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,富阳311400;[2]福建省华安县林业局;[3]浙江省青田县林业局

年份：2016

卷号：44

期号：7

起止页码：13-18

中文期刊名：东北林业大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Northeast Forestry University

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2015_2016】；

基金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201404702-03)

语种：中文

中文关键词：修剪措施;油茶枝条;油茶叶片;油茶营养元素

外文关键词：Pruning treatments; Branch of Camellia oleifera; Leaf of Camellia oleifera; Nutrient element of Camellia oleifera

分类号：S605

摘要：以优良无性系油茶纯林为研究对象,研究了不同修剪措施（1/2短截,1/3短截,1/4短截,1/5短截,对照（CK）,整个生长季均不修剪,）对优良无性系油茶的影响。结果表明：短截措施促进新枝伸长和增粗,增加油茶株高、冠幅和主茎,同时也能增加油茶新生枝条含水率和比叶质量,其中以重短截（1/2短截）处理的效果最佳;1/2短截和1/3短截均能促进长度〉20 cm的新枝条生长,而1/4短截和1/5短截有利于10~20 cm的新枝生长;油茶地上部分各器官的生物量随着短截程度的增加,除了新生叶生物量以外,经短截处理后,油茶地上部分各器官的生物量均显著高于对照（P〈0.05）,相同处理下均表现为多年生枝条和叶的生物量明显高于新生枝条和叶生物量,修剪强度越重,油茶地上部分生物量越大;不同短截处理后,油茶根系数量随着土层深度的增加呈一致的先增加后减少的趋势,相同土层深度下,不同短截处理后,油茶根系数量基本表现为CK〉1/2短截〉1/3短截〉1/4短截〉1/5短截,修剪强度减少了油茶的根系数量;而对于根系的水平分布,修剪强度越重,根系分布范围越小;修剪强度越重,其不同器官大量元素（N、P、K）质量分数越低,中量元素（Ca、Mg）、微量元素（Cu、Fe、Zn）质量分数越高,短截处理有利于油茶枝条及叶片中中量和微量元素的积累,但对其大量元素（N、P、K）的代谢积累不利。
We studied the effect of different pruning treatments on branch-leaf growth and nutrients of Camellia oleifera.After short-cuttings,sprouting rate of branch,plant height,crown breadth,main stem,the moisture and specific leaf quality were significantly higher than that of the control（no pruning,CK）,and the 1 / 2 short-cuttings was the best.After 1 / 2 and1 / 3 short-cuttings,the proportion of new branch（with length of over 20 cm） obviously increased,but 1 / 4 and 1 / 5 shortcuttings promoted the proportion of new branch（with length of 10-20 cm）.The part of above-ground biomass of each organ of Camellia oleifera increased with the increasing of pruning degree,and significantly higher than that of the control（P〈0.05）,under the same pruning,perennial branch and leaf biomass was significantly higher than the new branch and leaf biomass,which showed that the heavier pruning intensity was,the greater of the Camellia oleifera above-ground biomass was.The number of Camellia oleifera root first increased and then decreased with the increasing of pruning.Pruning decreased the Camellia oleifera root number in the same soil layer,which showed CK〉1 / 2 short-cuttings〉1 / 3 short-cuttings〉1 / 4 shortcuttings〉1 / 5 short-cuttings,and the heavier the pruning intensity was,the smaller the root distribution range was.The heavier the pruning intensity was,the lower the content of macroelement（N,P and K） of each organs was,while the secondary element（Ca and Mg） and microelement（Cu,Fe and Zn） were higher,which indicated that short-cutting was good for the secondary element（Ca and Mg） and microelement（Cu,Fe and Zn） of Camellia oleifera branch and leaf,but bad for the metabolic and synthetic accumulation of macroelement（N,P and K）.