文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：油茶成花启动与春梢生长的关系

英文题名：The Relationship between Floral Initiation and Spring-shoot Growth in Camellia oleifera

作者：郭红艳[1,2] 谭新建[1] 田丰[1] 钟秋平[1]

第一作者：郭红艳

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心,江西分宜336600;[2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091

年份：2022

卷号：35

期号：3

起止页码：123-130

中文期刊名：林业科学研究

外文期刊名：Forest Research

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2021_2022】；

基金：中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金:油茶成花启动的生理特征和转录调控机制(CAFYBB2019MA002)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：油茶;春梢;成花启动;花芽分化

外文关键词：Camellia oleifera;spring-shoot;floral initiation;flower bud differentiation

分类号：S794.4

摘要：[目的]明确油茶成花的部位、成花启动的时间,探明油茶成花启动与春梢生长的关系,为成年油茶年生长周期中成花启动机制研究提供形态学基础,为同类型多年生木本植物成花启动研究提供参考。[方法]以树龄12年生的长林53号油茶为试验材料,应用植物解剖学、扫描电镜等试验方法对油茶成花启动、春梢生长过程中春梢和芽的形态学变化及相关关系进行研究。[结果]油茶春梢的顶芽和腋芽均为混合芽,花芽原基形成于春梢顶芽或腋芽的基部。在春梢生长与展叶的同时,花芽原基在顶芽或腋芽中形成并进入萼片分化阶段,萼片分化阶段的花芽原基形态上与叶芽原基没有明显的差异。春梢完成展叶进入平缓生长期时,花芽分化进入花瓣分化阶段,花瓣是花芽区别于叶芽的特异性器官,花瓣出现的时间为形态学上油茶完成成花启动的时间。春梢基本停止增长和增粗时,花芽完成花瓣分化,进入雌雄蕊分化阶段。油茶春梢生长的快速生长阶段、平缓生长阶段、生长完成阶段分别与萼片分化期、花瓣分化期、雌雄蕊分化期依次对应。[结论]成年油茶花芽原基形成于混合芽基部,春梢萌动即成花启动,春梢生长发育与花芽分化同时进行,花瓣出现的时间为形态学上油茶完成成花启动的时间。
[Objective]To identify the position and time of floral initiation and find out the relationship between the floral initiation and the growth of new shoots in Camellia Oleifera for providing a morphological basis for the study of the floral initiation mechanisms in the annual growth cycle of adult Camellia oleifera and a reference for the study of floral initiation mechanisms in perennial woody trees.[Method]Based on the 12-year-old Camellia oleifera(cultivar‘changlin53’),plant anatomy and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the morphological changes of new shoots and floral buds in the process of shoot growth and floral initiation.[Result]Both the terminal and axillary buds of spring-shoots in Camellia oleifera were mixed buds,and the flower bud primordium located at the base of the mixed bud.The flower bud primordium formed at the terminal or axillary bud and reached the sepal differentiation stage when the spring shoots grew fast and beginning their leaves expansion.The flower bud primordium had no obvious difference from the leaf bud primordium in morphological at the sepal differentiation stage.When finishing the spring shoot leaves expansion and then arriving at the slow growth stage,the flower bud differentiation reached the petal differentiation stage.Petal was a specific organ that distinguished flower bud from leaf bud.The time of petal initiation was close to the time of finishing floral initiation in Camellia oleifera according to morphology.When spring shoots basically stopped growing and thickening,flower buds finished petal differentiation and arrived at the pistil and stamen differentiation stage.The fast growth stage,slow growth stage and finished growth stage of spring-shoots in Camellia oleifera corresponded to sepal differentiation stage,petal differentiation stage and pistil and stamen differentiation stage respectively.[Conclusion]The flower bud primordium of Camellia oleifera locates at the base of the mixed bud.In addition,the shoots initiation of adult Camellia oleifera are also the floral initiation in morphology.