文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：兴凯湖东方白鹳(Ciconia boyciana)种群动态变化

英文题名：Population dynamics of Oriental Storks(Ciconia boyciana) at Xingkai Lake in China

作者：刘化金[1,2] 陈丽霞[1] 刘宇霖[2] 杨培宇[2] 陆军[1] 张国钢[1]

第一作者：刘化金

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,全国鸟类环志中心,国家林业和草原局森林保护学重点实验室,北京100091;[2]黑龙江兴凯湖国家级自然保护区管理局,黑龙江密山158300

年份：2021

卷号：40

期号：11

起止页码：3683-3690

中文期刊名：生态学杂志

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Ecology

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2021_2022】；

基金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFA0607103);国家林业和草原局《珍稀濒危物种调查监管与行业规范》项目(213021119301)资助。

语种：中文

中文关键词：兴凯湖;东方白鹳;种群动态;繁殖种群;迁徙

外文关键词：Xingkai Lake;Oriental Stork;population dynamics;breeding population;migration

分类号：Q958

摘要：种群数量与分布调查是种群动态研究的基础,也是理解并确定物种面临威胁的关键步骤。兴凯湖是东北亚水鸟迁徙的重要廊道及繁殖地,对东方白鹳(Ciconia boyciana)的保护具有重要意义。本文分析了2002—2018年兴凯湖湿地春、夏和秋季东方白鹳种群数量变化,探讨了兴凯湖人工巢招引对东方白鹳种群数量的影响及其影响因素。结果表明:2002—2018年,东方白鹳春季(R^(2)=0.641,P=0.000)和夏季(R^(2)=0.866,P=0.000)种群数量总体呈显著性增长的趋势,秋季种群数量年际间波动较大;春季与夏季种群数量(R=0.701,P=0.002)存在显著正相关,表明春季迁徙数量越多,夏季种群数量也越多;兴凯湖东方白鹳的巢主要分布在龙王庙(84.16%)、东北泡子(12.87%)、氧化塘(1.98%)、青山水库(0.99%)等4个区域;2002—2018年,每年东方白鹳繁殖成功的巢数量,包括天然巢(R^(2)=0.514,P=0.001)与人工巢(R^(2)=0.823,P=0.000)的繁殖成功率均呈显著线性增长;兴凯湖东方白鹳种群数量的增加主要受其总体数量增长、人工巢招引、气候变化、食物、栖息地和人为活动等因素的影响。研究结果为制订东方白鹳专项保护措施提供了科学依据。
The survey of population size and distribution is fundamental for population dynamics research,and is also key to determining and understanding the threats to various species.As an important migration corridor and breeding site for migratory waterbirds in northeast Asia,Xingkai Lake in Heilongjiang Province is a significant wetland for the conservation of Oriental Storks(Ciconia boyciana).In this study,we analyzed changes of stork population abundance at Xingkai Lake in the migration and breeding seasons from 2002 to 2018,and examined the effects of the reintroduction of artificial nests on stork population dynamics and the driving factors.Our results showed that the number of storks increased significantly in spring (R^(2)=0.641,P=0.000) and the breeding season (R^(2)=0.866,P=0.000),and that in autumn fluctuated greatly among different years.There was a significant positive correlation between the numbers of storks in spring and summer (R=0.701,P=0.002),indicating that the high population number in spring resulted in high number in summer.The nests of Oriental Storks at Xingkai Lake were mainly distributed in Longwang Temple (84.16%),Dongbei Paozi (12.87%),oxidation pond (1.98%) and Qingshan Reservoir (0.99%).From 2002 to 2018,the number of successful nests,including natural(R^(2)=0.514,P=0.001) and artificial nests (R^(2)=0.823,P=0.000),significantly increased.The increases in stork population number at Xingkai Lake were mainly affected by the increased overall population,installing artificial nests,climate change,food abundance,habitat suitability,and human disturbances.Our results would contribute to the understanding of the population dynamics of Oriental Storks and provide a scientific basis for the development of conservation and management strategy specific to this species at Xingkai Lake.