文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：锥栗开花生物学特性研究

英文题名：Floral Biological Characteristics of Castanea henryi

作者：赖俊声[1] 龚榜初[2] 张君媚[3] 江锡兵[2] 胡青素[1] 杨龙[1] 张水奎[1]

第一作者：赖俊声

机构：[1]庆元县林业局;[2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所;[3]庆元县农业局

年份：2016

卷号：32

期号：31

起止页码：79-84

中文期刊名：中国农学通报

外文期刊名：Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

收录：CSTPCD

基金：国家"十二五"科技支撑专题"华东地区锥栗高效生产关键技术研究与示范"(2013BAD14B0403);浙江省十三五林木新品种选育重大科技专项课题"木本粮油树种种质创制与新品种选育"

语种：中文

中文关键词：锥栗;雄花;雌花;物候期;开花生物学

外文关键词：Castanea henryi; male flower; female flower; phenological phase; floral biology

分类号：S722.5

摘要：为了解锥栗雌雄花生长和发育规律,掌握其开花生物学特性。以不同锥栗品种为材料,对其雌雄花开花节律、物候期、雌雄花数量、雄花序及结果枝生长节律等问题进行研究。锥栗雄花先于雌花出现,雄花序出现18～26天后雌花开始出现,且雄花先于雌花1～5天开放;不同品种开花物候期有较大差异,早熟品种和晚熟品种初花期相差10天左右;不同品种雌雄花数量差异明显,其雌花与雄花数量比为1：（518～653）;不同品种结果枝生长、发育时期大致相近,但长度和粗度差异明显,其中,‘YLZ 7号’结果枝长度和粗度明显大于‘优16号’和‘优22号’。锥栗雌雄异熟,属雄先型植物,不同品种开花物候期、雌雄花数量差异明显,生产上应选择少雄花品种,或采取早期摘除部分雄花序、花期加强肥水管理等措施,以保证雌花生长和发育,提高锥栗产量和经济效益。
To understand the growth and development regularity of male and female flowers and the floralbiological characteristics of Castanea henryi, flowering rhythm, phenological phase, different number of maleand female flowers and growth rhythm of male inflorescence and bearing shoot were studied by using different Castanea henryi cultivars as materials. The female flowers appeared later than the male flowers, which began tobloom 18 to 26 days after male inflorescence and 1 to 5 days after male flowers. There were differences amongdifferent cultivars at flowering phenological phase, and the flowering phase of early maturing cultivar was 10 days earlier than that of late maturing cultivar. There were significant differences among different cultivars withthe number of male and female flowers, and the ratio of female to male was from（1：518） to（1：653）. The growthand development phase of bearing shoot of different cultivars were similar, but the length and diameter of themwere obviously distinct, and the length and diameter of bearing shoot of‘YLZ 7＇were significantly greaterthan that of‘superior plant 16＇and‘superior plant 22＇. Castanea henryi was male-first type plant, the maleand female flowers bloom at different times. There were significant differences among different cultivars withflowering phenological phase and the number of male and female flowers. To ensure the growth anddevelopment of female flowers, and improve production and economic benefits of Castanea henryi, we shouldchoose cultivars which have few male flowers, or take measures such as removing part of the male inflorescenceat early stage, strengthening the management of water and fertilizer in the production.