文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：海南岛植被景观的斑块特征

英文题名：Patch Characteristics of the Vegetation Landscape in Hainan Island

作者：郭志华[1] 肖文发[1] 蒋有绪[1]

第一作者：郭志华

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所

年份：2004

卷号：40

期号：2

起止页码：9-15

中文期刊名：林业科学

外文期刊名：Scientia Silvae Sinicae

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2000】；CSCD:【CSCD2011_2012】；

基金：国家自然科学基金重点项目 ( 3 983 0 3 10 )资助

语种：中文

中文关键词：海南岛;植被景观;斑块特征;分维数;植物群落;动态变化;生物多样性保护

外文关键词：Hainan Island, Vegetation landscape, Patch characteristics, Fractal dimension

分类号：Q948.15

摘要：利用GIS工具 ,基于 1∶5 0万海南岛植被图 ,研究了海南岛植被斑块的大小和形状特征。斑块数量、平均斑块面积、标准差、斑块总面积、最小斑块面积、最大斑块面积、极差、偏度、峰度、中位数、众数等统计量被用于描述海南岛植被景观的斑块大小特征 ;正态分布、Gamma分布、对数正态分布、Weibull分布和指数分布等概率分布类型被用于检验各类植被景观斑块大小的分布特征。同时 ,还检验了海南岛各类型植被景观斑块的复杂性。用Krum mel等和李哈滨及Klinkengerg等提出的公式可获得海南岛植被斑块分维数的可靠估计。对于数量较多的基本类型斑块 ,斑块分维数与斑块大小特征变量之间的相关分析表明 :分维数D2 与斑块平均面积呈正相关 ,与斑块面积标准差、最大斑块面积、斑块面积极差、偏度值呈负相关。 7大类型植被斑块的分维数从大到小依次是热性针叶林、阔叶林、草丛、灌丛、人工林、农田和水生植被。除灌丛与阔叶林、灌丛与人工林及草丛与农田之间的分维数无显著差异外 ,其余两两之间的分维数均有显著或极显著差异。此外 ,还确定了海南岛植被景观斑块的尺度域。对于斑块数较多的 5大类型植被 ,当斑块面积大于或小于 7 4km2 时 。
With the aid of the GIS tool ARC/INFO, based on the Hainan vegetation map at the scale of 1∶500 000, the characteristics of the patch size and shape in Hainan vegetation landscape were analyzed. Several basic descriptive statistics including number of patches, average patch size, standard deviation, total patch size, minimum patch size, maximum patch size, range, skewness, kurtosis, medium, mode and etc., were chosen to describe the size features of patches. And some kinds of probability distribution including normal, Gamma, lognormal, Weibull, and exponential, were chosen to characterize the patch size distributions for all patch types in Hainan. In Hainan island, there were 36 lower level patch types in total, and they belong to 7 higher level patch types, namely tropical needle forests, broadleaves forests, shrub, brushwood, cropland, man made forests, water vegetation, which contained 6, 85, 112, 67, 101, 95 and 3 lower level patch types respectively. Most of the patches were positive skewed, and comparatively, the lognornal distribution could be used to characterize the patch size distribution in Hainan. At the same time, the patch complexity was examined for all kinds of vegetation types in Hainan. According to the two methods proposed by Krummel et al . (1987) and Li (1992), Klinkengerg (1994), the fractal dimension could be calculated effectually. For those low level vegetation types with more patches, the fractal dimension D 2 has a positive relationship with the average patch size, a negative relationship with the standard deviation, maximum patch size, range, skewness for each patch type. Among the 7 high level patch types, the fractal dimension of tropical needle forests was the highest, next were broadleaves forests, brushland, shrub and man made forests, and the fractal dimension of cropland was very low. Although there were not significant differences in fractal dimension between shrub and broadleaves forests, and between shrub and man made forests, significant or very significant differences existed between every two of the other patch types. Moreover, the domains of scales were identified. Patches with larger than 7 4?km 2 had more complex shape than those with smaller than 7 4?km 2.