文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Climate-induced abrupt shifts in structural states trigger delayed transitions in functional states

作者：Hao, Yanbin[1,2,3] Liu, Wenjun[4] Xu, Xingliang[5] Munson, Seth M.[6] Kang, Xiaoming[7] Cui, Xiaoyong[1,2,3] He, Nianpeng[5] Wang, Yanfen[1,2,3]

第一作者：Hao, Yanbin

通信作者：Wang, YF[1]

机构：[1]Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 10049, Peoples R China;[2]Chinese Acad Sci, CAS Ctr Excellence Tibetan Plateau Earth Sci, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China;[3]Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Chinese Acad Sci, Yanshan Mt Earth Crit Zone & Surface Flux Res Stn, Beijing 10049, Peoples R China;[4]Chinese Acad Sci, Aerosp Informat Res Inst, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China;[5]Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China;[6]US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA;[7]Chinese Acad Forestry, Inst Wetland Res, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China

年份：2020

卷号：115

外文期刊名：ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS

收录：;EI(收录号：20201808609146);Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-85084090875);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:000561438700039)】；

基金：This project was funded by the CAS Strategic Priority Research Programme (A) (Grant nos. XDA19030202, XDA20050103) and the funds for International Cooperation and Exchange of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant nos. 31761123001, 31761143018) and We are grateful for the help from the Joint Research Station of Animal Ecology and the Inner Mongolia Grassland Ecosystem Research Station. Seth M. Munson was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey Ecosystem Mission Area. Any use of trade, product or firm names in this article is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

语种：英文

外文关键词：Temperate steppe; State and transition; Grassland; Livestock grazing; Climate change; Ecosystem threshold

摘要：Theoretical models suggest that ecosystems can be found in one of several possible alternative stable states, and a shift in structural stable state (SSS) can trigger a change in functional stable state (FSS). But we still lack the empirical evidence to confirm these states and transitions, and to inform the rates of change. Here, a 30-yr dataset from long-term ungrazed and grazed temperate grasslands was analyzed to determine whether abrupt transitions of SSS and FSS can occur. We found that the long-term ungrazed grassland experienced abrupt transitions in the dominant plant functional type (shift in SSS) that was followed by a transition between carbon sink and source 1-2 year later (shift in FSS). A directional shift in precipitation and temperature accounted for 40% of the variation in the SSS transition, while the SSS transition explained 20% of the variation in the FSS transition. In contrast, no abrupt transitions for SSS and FSS were observed in the long-term moderately grazed grassland. These findings provide important insight into the interacting effects of climate change and livestock grazing on ecosystem transitions in temperate grasslands. Moderate utilization of production in ecosystems that have co-evolved with herbivores can offset structural and functional transitions induced by climate change.