文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：元谋干热河谷麻疯树白粉病的发生及防治

英文题名：Powdery Mildew on Jatropha curcas L. and Its Control In Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley,Yunnan

作者：罗长维[1,2] 李昆[1,2] 陈友[3] 孙永玉[1,2] 崔永忠[1,2] 柴守权[4]

第一作者：罗长维

机构：[1]中国林科院资源昆虫研究所;[2]国家林业局云南元谋荒漠生态系统定位研究站;[3]云南林业职业技术学院;[4]国家林业局森林病虫害防治总站

年份：2009

卷号：29

期号：5

起止页码：95-99

中文期刊名：中南林业科技大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2008】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2011_2012】；

基金：由国家"十一五"科技支撑课题(2007BAD50B04);国家林业局科技推广课题([2007]129);国家"十一五"科技支撑课题(2006BADO7A04);资源昆虫研究所基本科研业务费专项基金联合资助

语种：中文

中文关键词：麻疯树;白粉病;发生规律;防治技术

外文关键词：Jatropha curcas L.; powdery mildew; epidemic regularity; chemical control

分类号：S763

摘要：麻疯树白粉病在干热河谷时有发生,通常危害麻疯树茎杆、枝叶、花果,降低麻疯树光合作用与生长势,影响其结实.通过室内镜检和田间系统观察发现：引起麻疯树白粉病的病原为串珠状粉孢Oidium monilioides Nees真菌,白粉病发生在年度内呈现单峰曲线;温度与湿度是影响此病发生发展的主要气候因素,地理位置、种植方式等环境因子的影响也非常重要,直接影响白粉病发生的是麻疯树的抗病性.用4种高效低毒农药进行药剂筛选试验,结果表明4种药剂均有一定防治效果,其中70%甲基托布津400~1000倍使用效果最好,防治效果在88.15%~96.92%之间;5%云大翠丽1000倍、2000倍效果次之,防治效果在76.56%~81.38%之间;50%百菌清200~600倍与15%粉锈宁500倍、1000倍效果较差,防治效果也可达64.00%~77.27%.喷洒次数的增加可明显提高低浓度杀菌剂的防治效果,因此生产上应尽量使用低浓度药剂连续喷洒2~3次,可延缓麻疯树白粉病抗药性的产生.
Jatropha curcas is an important bio-fuel tree in the hot-dry river valleys of southwestern China.Powdery mildew on J.curcas happens quite often,parasitizes on its stems,branches,leaf,flowers and fruits,decreases its photosynthesis and growth potential and affects its fruit setting.Examination by microscope in the lab and systematic observation in the field show that the pathogenic fungus of powdery mildew on Jatropha curcas L.in Yuanmou dry-hot valleys is Oidium monilioides Nees,belonging to Deuteromycotina;that the developing trend of powdery mildew shows a single-peak curve and temperature and humidity are the main climate factors influencing the occurrence and development of the disease;that environment factors as geographical position and planting ways also play an important role in the occurrence of the disease;and that the resistance of J.curcas itself is the most direct factor to hinder its occurrence.Four highly effective and lowly toxic fungicides were used in plot trials and the results show that all of them are effective to the control of powdery mildew and among them,the best effective is 70% of methyl Topsin with 400～1000 times of water and the controlling effect reaches from 88.15% to 96.92%;that the next effective is 5% of Yunda cuili with 1000～2000 times of water,the controlling effect changing from 76.56%～81.38%;and that the last effective is the other two fungicides： 50% of daconil with 200～600 times of water and 15% of triadimefon with 500～1000 times of water,the controlling effects being between 64.00%~77.27%.The controlling effect of low concentration chemicals can be strengthened obviously by increasing spraying time.Based on this rule,we can get good effects through increasing spraying time for low concentration fungicides,which can delay the resistance of powdery mildew to fungicides.In the end,the author provides some integrated management methods for the control of powdery mildew on J.curcas.