文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：森林生态系统服务权衡:认知、方法和驱动

英文题名：Trade-offs in forest ecosystem services:Cognition,approach and driving

作者：欧朝蓉[1] 孙永玉[2] 邓志华[3] 冯德枫[2]

第一作者：欧朝蓉

机构：[1]西南林业大学地理学院,昆明650024;[2]中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所,昆明650216;[3]西南林业大学化学工程学院,昆明650024

年份：2020

卷号：18

期号：4

起止页码：150-160

中文期刊名：中国水土保持科学

外文期刊名：Science of Soil and Water Conservation

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2019_2020】；

基金：国家重点研发计划专题“坝区周边山区退化植被恢复与生态功能提升技术试验示范”(2017YFC05051021);西南林业大学博士科研启动基金“元谋干热河谷生态用地识别及生态安全格局构建研究”(111812)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：森林;生态系统服务;权衡;驱动机制;生态过程;时空尺度

外文关键词：forests;ecosystem services;trade-offs;driving mechanisms;ecological processes;spatial and temporal scale

分类号：S718.55

摘要：森林生态系统服务之间的权衡关系是引起区域及全球生态和环境问题的重要因素之一。深入探究森林生态系统服务权衡关系的特征及作用机制对提升人类福祉,实现生态保护和社会经济发展共赢目标具有重要意义。作者在综合国内外研究文献的基础上,阐述森林生态系统服务权衡的内涵,分析权衡的普遍性、尺度性、可逆性、非稳定性、外部性等基本特征,梳理权衡研究的主要步骤,阐明生态—经济综合模型、统计学方法、生态系统服务制图、情景分析法、服务流动性分析法等主要权衡分析方法的原理、技术、主要功能及其适用范围,继而明晰自然和人为因素对权衡的驱动作用,认为现有的森林生态系统服务权衡研究存在结果不确定性、权衡研究方法有缺陷、驱动因素及机制的时空尺度效应研究较为薄弱等问题,指出森林生态系统服务评估方法、权衡量化模型、驱动因素及机制的时空尺度效应是未来该领域重点研究的问题。
[Background]Trade-off relationship among forest ecosystem services is one of the important factors causing regionally and globally ecological and environmental problems.Scientifically understanding trade-off relationships of forest ecosystem is significant to enhance human well-beings and achieve win-win situation of ecological protection and social and economic development.[Methods]On the basis of comprehending domestic and foreign research literatures,we expounded the connotation of forest ecosystem service trade-off,and clarified the basic characteristics and main steps of trade-off analysis of forest ecosystem services.Then we sorted the principles,techniques and main functions of trade-off analysis methods,as well as their scope of application,and analyzed the driving roles of natural and human factors in trade-off of forest ecosystem services.[Results]1)Human choice preferences lead to trade-offs among forest ecosystem services.The trade-offs among forest ecosystem services are characterized by universality,reversibility,time-space scale,uncertainty and externality.Universality refers to the general existence of trade-offs between various forest ecosystem services,and reversibility indicates the resilience of damaged forest ecosystem services.Time-space scale shows the spatial and temporal scale characteristics of trade-off relationship,and uncertainty means that the trade-off relationship is not constant.Externality reveals the impact of trade-off management on ecosystem services in non-target areas.2)The main research procedure of forest ecosystem trade-off includes evaluation index selection,data acquisition quantitative and evaluation trade-off analysis.The research methods mainly include eco-economic integration model method,statistical method,mapping of ecosystem services,scenario analysis and service liquidity analysis.The eco-economic integration model is suitable for analyzing trade-off relationship between the supply services and regulation services convenient for marketization,the statistical method for analyzing correlation relationship between various forest ecosystem services,and mapping of ecosystem services for revealing trade-off spatial heterogeneity.Scenario analysis holds for scenario analysis and finding the best optimization scheme,and service liquidity analysis method for analyzing trade-off occurrence mechanism and ecological process.3)The driving factors for trade-offs among forest ecosystem services can be divided into natural factors and human factors.Natural factors containing ecological factors and environmental factors are the basis of trade-offs among forest ecosystem services,while human factors include human choice preference,human activity mode and human activity behavior are main ones for trade-offs among forest ecosystem services.[Conclusions]The trade-offs among forest ecosystem services are generated by co-driving or direct interaction of driving factors.The trade-offs among forest ecosystem services are insufficient in temporal scales terms of uncertainty of evaluation results,driving factors and spatial and temporal scaling effects of mechanisms.Forest ecosystem trade-offs assessment methods,quantitative models,spatiotemporal scaling effect of driving factors and their mechanisms will be the focus of future research in forest ecosystem services trade-offs.