文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：中国传统森林经营理念阐释

英文题名：Concepts of Traditional Forest Management in China:An Elucidation

作者：张德成[1] 杨文娟[1] 张志永[1] 刘畅[1] 范圣明[1]

第一作者：张德成

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所,北京100091

年份：2025

卷号：38

期号：3

起止页码：1-10

中文期刊名：世界林业研究

外文期刊名：World Forestry Research

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“中国传统森林经营理念与方法研究”(20BGL172)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：森林经营;传统理念;林业思想;林业史;中国

外文关键词：forest management;traditional concept;forestry ideology;forestry history;China

分类号：S750

摘要：阐释传统森林经营理念有利于传统森林经营理论和技术的传播和应用。文中从总体目标、行为方式、基本原理、思想内涵4个方面进行归纳分析,中国传统森林经营理念表现为:1)以“民生济用”为总体目标,在满足民生基本需求基础上兼顾森林的多功能利用,重视经济利用和持续、共享利用;2)以“勤俭朴素”为行为方式,方法简练易懂,人力劳动为主,工艺粗略、工具简单、材料易获得;3)以“合宜天时、地利、木性”为基本原理,顺应树木适时生长特征,适宜树木适地生长特征,符合树木自身生长特征;4)以“中国传统哲学”为思想内涵,带有明显的中国文化特征,儒家、法家影响为主,阴阳家、道家亦有影响。借鉴传统,建议树立民生优先的经营目标,坚持顺应自然的经营原则,传承朴素适用的经营方法,重构森林经营哲学,建设中国特色森林经营理论和技术体系。
Elucidating the concepts of traditional forest management helps disseminate and apply the theories and technologies of traditional forest management.The concepts of China's traditional forest management are summarized and analyzed from the four dimensions of general objectives,behavioral patterns,basic principles,and ideological connotations,and it is found that the concepts are reflected as follows:1)Taking"livelihood and economic use"as the general objectives,aiming to realize the multifunctional utilization of forests in conjunction with meeting the basic livelihood needs of people and ultimately achieve sustainable,shared and economic utilization;2)Taking"diligence,frugality,and simplicity"as the behavioral patterns,which stresses the plain and easy methods with the human labors focused.In these patterns,the process is rough,the tools are simple and the materials are easy to obtain;3)Following the basic principles of"suitable for the right time,place,and tree traits",which highlight the respect of suitable period and place growth of trees as well as the own growth characteristics of trees;and 4)Endowed with ideological connotation of"Chinese traditional philosophy",which has obvious Chinese cultural characteristics,majorly influenced by Confucianism and Legalism and also influenced by Yin-Yang theory and Taoism.Drawing on traditions,it is recommended to establish a livelihood-oriented forest management objective,adhere to the nature-following principle,inherit simple and applicable forest management methods,reconstruct forest management philosophy,and build a theoretical and technological forest management system with Chinese characteristics.