文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：三峡库区生态屏障区土壤侵蚀时空变化特征与驱动因素

英文题名：Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics and Driving Factors of Soil Erosion in Ecological Barrier Zone of Three Gorges Reservoir Area

作者：斛如媛[1,2] 杨佳[3] 赵海平[1,2] 勾蒙蒙[1,2] 刘常富[1,2] 肖文发[1,2]

第一作者：斛如媛

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091;[2]湖北秭归三峡库区森林生态系统定位观测研究站,湖北秭归443600;[3]中南林业科技大学生态环境学院,长沙410004

年份：2025

卷号：39

期号：6

起止页码：94-105

中文期刊名：水土保持学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFF1305205)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：三峡库区生态屏障区;土壤侵蚀;时空特征;随机森林;驱动因素

外文关键词：ecological barrier zone of Three Gorges Reservoir area;soil erosion;spatiotemporal characteristics;random forest;driving factors

分类号：S157.1

摘要：[目的]研究三峡库区生态屏障区土壤侵蚀时空变化特征及其驱动因素有利于提升区域水土保持能力,筑牢生态安全屏障。[方法]采用RUSLE模型,结合Sen+MK趋势分析、Hurst指数分析、PLUS模型等研究三峡库区生态屏障区2000-2023年土壤侵蚀时空变化特征及未来土壤侵蚀格局,并采用随机森林量化植被覆盖、降雨、人口密度等对土壤侵蚀的影响。[结果] 1)生态屏障区土壤侵蚀以微度(59.68%±5.59%)和轻度(38.86%±4.64%)侵蚀为主,空间上表现为中部高东西低的趋势,且邻近水系区域土壤侵蚀最明显。2)2000-2023年生态屏障区单位面积年均土壤侵蚀模数下降2 288.88 t/(km^(2)·a),整体呈显著下降趋势,轻微退化区域面积(48.00%)最高,但未来土壤侵蚀处于不断改善趋势,且生态保护情景下微度侵蚀面积占比最高。3)随机森林结果表明植被覆盖(30.64%±10.88%)和降雨(23.43%±8.57%)为土壤侵蚀的主要驱动因子,植被覆盖和人口密度的相对重要性随时间呈下降趋势,降雨的相对重要性随时间呈先增长后下降趋势,而坡度和高程的相对重要性随时间呈增长趋势。[结论] 2000—2023年生态屏障区土壤侵蚀状况得到明显改善,但城镇化地区土壤侵蚀进一步加剧,未来应统筹植被覆盖、降雨及地形等因素综合制定水土保持措施以改善水土流失状况。
[Objective]Investigating the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of soil erosion and its driving factors in the ecological barrier zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir area is beneficial to enhancing regional soil and water conservation capacity and strengthening the ecological security barriers.[Methods]The RUSLE model was employed,combined with Sen+MK trend analysis,Hurst index analysis,and PLUS model,to study the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of soil erosion from 2000 to 2023 and the future soil erosion patterns in the ecological barrier zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir area.In addition,the random forest model was used to quantify the influence of vegetation cover,rainfall,population density,and other factors on soil erosion.[Results]1)Soil erosion in the ecological barrier zone was predominantly slight(59.68%±5.59%)and mild erosion(38.86±4.64%),exhibiting a spatial pattern of higher in the central part and lower in the east and west,with the most severe soil erosion occurring near water systems.2)The annual average soil erosion modulus per unit area in the ecological barrier zone decreased by 2288.88 t/(km^(2)·a)from 2000 to 2023,demonstrating a significant declining trend.Although the area with slight degradation(48.00%)was the highest,future soil erosion was expected to continuously improve,with the highest proportion of slight soil erosion area under the ecological protection scenario.3)The results of random forest model showed that vegetation cover(30.64%±10.88%)and rainfall(23.43%±8.57%)were the primary driving factors of soil erosion.The relative influence of vegetation cover and population density exhibited a declining trend over time,while relative influence of rainfall first increased and then decreased.In contrast,the relative importance of slope and elevation showed an increasing trend with time.[Conclusion]The soil erosion conditions in the ecological barrier zone have significantly improved from 2000 to 2023.However,soil erosion has further intensified in urbanized areas.In the future,comprehensive soil and water conservation measures should be formulated by coordinating factors such as vegetation cover,rainfall,and topography to mitigate soil erosion.