文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：鱼藤生长关键影响因子及其对红树林危害防控

英文题名：Key Influencing Factors of Derris trifoliata Growth and Control Measures for Its Hazard in Mangroves

作者：刘一鸣[2] 熊燕梅[1] 辛琨[1] 曾书军[1] 林广旋[2] 生农[1]

第一作者：刘一鸣

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,国家林业和草原局海南东寨港红树林湿地生态系统国家定位观测站,广东广州510520;[2]广东湛江红树林国家级自然保护区管理局,广东湛江524088

年份：2025

卷号：38

期号：4

起止页码：86-93

中文期刊名：林业科学研究

外文期刊名：Forest Research

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：广东省林业科技创新项目(2022KJCX014);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2022A1515010550)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：鱼藤;红树林;光照;有害植物防控

外文关键词：Derris trifoliata;mangroves;light;harmful plant control

分类号：S763.2

摘要：[目的]探寻影响鱼藤生长的关键生态因子,并在此基础上研发鱼藤危害红树林的防控措施。[方法]针对光照、盐度和淹水时间这3个因子在温室开展3因素3水平正交实验,每隔3个月测定鱼藤基径,并在实验1a以后收获鱼藤测定地上生物量、地下生物量和总生物量。选择一块受鱼藤缠绕导致红树林成片死亡的地块开展野外实验,设置刈割、遮光、刈割+遮光、刈割+遮光+种红树4个处理,研究不同处理措施对鱼藤的防控效果。[结果]1)温室控制实验发现光照强度是影响鱼藤生长的主要因素,而盐度和淹水时间的效应不显著;随着光照强度降低,鱼藤基径增长速率和生物量极显著降低,鱼藤地上生物量分配比例也降低。2)野外实验发现单纯刈割处理对鱼藤防控效果极显著低于有遮光的处理,只刈割的处理复发鱼藤密度平均达到0.20棵·m^(-2),鱼藤覆盖面积比例平均达到31.67%,鱼藤活根比例达到63.3%,而其他3个有遮光措施的处理复发鱼藤密度、鱼藤覆盖面积比例、鱼藤活根比例都接近0或等于0.3)刈割+遮光+种红树处理中,恢复种植一年后红树植物幼苗成活率平均75.2%,基径和株高都相比种植时有明显增长。[结果]相对于盐度和淹水时长,光照强度是鱼藤生长的关键限制因子。遮光是控制红树林中鱼藤危害的关键措施,而目前常用的刈割措施难以阻止鱼藤复发。在实践中,可采用遮光材料直接覆盖鱼藤进行鱼藤防控,并在遮光一年以后挖孔种植红树植物,达到根治鱼藤并修复红树林的目标。
[Objective]The study aims to indentify the key factors influencing the growth of Derris trifoliata and to develop controll measures for Derris trifoliata hazard.[Method]A greenhouse experiment with a three-factor(light intensity,salinity and food duaration)by three-level orthogonal design was conducted.The base diameter growth rate of Derris trifoliata was measured every three months and the aboveground biomass,belowground biomass as well as total biomass of Derris trifoliata were measured after one year.A field manipulation experiment was conducted with four treatments of cutting,shading,cutting+shading and cutting+shading+mangrove planting,to evaluate their effects on Derris trifoliata control.[Result]1)The greenhouse experiment revealed that light intensity significantly affected the growth of Derris trifoliata,while salinity and flooding duration had no significant impact.The base diameter growth rate,biomass,and the proportion of aboveground biomass all decreased significantly with lower light intensity.2)In the field experiment,cutting alone was significantly less effective than the other three treatments involving shading.In the cutting-only treatment,the recurrence density of Derris trifoliata was 0.20 ind./m^(2),with an average coverage of 31.67%and a live root proportion of 63.3%.In contrast,these indicators were close to zero in the three treatments involving shading.3)The cutting+shading+mangrove planting treatment resulted in a 75.2%survival rate for mangrove seedlings after one year,with notable growth in base diameter and plant height.[Conclusion]Light intensity is the key factor influencing Derris trifoliata growth compared to salinity and flooding duration.Shading is a key measure to control Derris trifoliata hazard in mangroves.In contrast,cutting alone was not effective in preventing recurrence.To effectively control Derris trifoliata and restore mangroves,a combined approach of shading for one year followed by the planting of mangrove seedlings is recommended.