文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：黄土高原坡面带状植被土壤水分有效性的空间分异特征

英文题名：The Spatial Variability Characteristics of Soil Water Availability Under Vegetation Ribbon on the Slope of Loess Plateau

作者：吕文强[1] 王立[1] 党宏忠[2] 周泽福[2] 何修道[1]

第一作者：吕文强

机构：[1]甘肃农业大学林学院;[2]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所

年份：2015

卷号：29

期号：6

起止页码：233-240

中文期刊名：水土保持学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD2015_2016】；

基金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD31B02)

语种：中文

中文关键词：带状格局;植物篱;水分有效性;土壤干层;空间动态变化

外文关键词：ribbon pattern; hedgerow; water availability; soil drying layer; spatial dynamic variation;

分类号：S151.9;S157.4

摘要：对黄土高原柠条和山杏2种带状格局植物篱20cm土层处土壤水分有效性的空间分异及动态变化进行了分析。结果表明:(1)2种带状植物篱带内、带前、带间、带后土壤水分有效性均差异显著(P<0.05)。柠条植物篱土壤水分有效性随距植被带距离的增加而提高,而山杏植物篱土壤水分有效性随距植被带距离的增加而降低。(2)土壤水分有效性分级比较表明,柠条植物篱带间土壤水分为中效水,带后、带前、带内均为难效水,而山杏植物篱带内土壤水分为易效水,带后和带间均为中效水。(3)在土壤持水性能方面,柠条植物篱最大持水量表现为带间(69.91%)、带内(62.54%)高于带后(60.31%)、带前(56.52%),而最小持水量为带间(53.20%)最高、带内(33.05%)最低。山杏植物篱带间土壤最大持水量、毛管持水量、最小持水量分别是带内的1.05,0.96,1.35倍。(4)在20—100cm土层内,柠条植物篱各部位土壤体积含水量除在40cm土层处差异不显著外,其他各土层均差异显著(P<0.05)。在表层(20cm)表现为带内>带后>带前>带间,随着土层深度的增加带内土壤体积含水量逐渐降低,带间土壤含水量逐渐增加。山杏植物篱各部位土壤体积含水量基本相同,且增减变化一致,土壤含水量不受植被带距离的影响。(5)在降水条件下,柠条植物篱各部位土壤水分有效性空间动态变化表现为带间>带后>带前>带内,山杏植物篱各部位土壤水分有效性动态变化表现为带内>带后>带间。(6)柠条植物篱系统带内和带间在20—200cm土层内为干层;梯田在60—200cm土层内为干层;植被严重影响着土壤干层的厚度及分布;干层化程度表现为柠条植物篱带内>带间>梯田。在进行植被恢复重建时应考虑当地的降水变化、土壤理化性质、植被类型,选择适宜的植被类型,并合理设置种植密度,才能减少因土壤干层化引起的土壤水分亏缺对植被恢复重建的影响。
Soil water availability has a major impact on the survival and growth of plants.In this study,the analysis was carried out about the spatial variability and the dynamic change of water availability of soil at 20 cm depth under Caragana and Apricot hedgerows which were planted in ribbon pattern in the Loess Plateau.The results showed that：（1）There were significant spatial variations of soil water availability among inner,inter,in front of and at back of 2kinds of hedgerow ribbon（P〈0.05）.The soil water availability of Caragana hedgerows increased with the increase of soil distance to vegetation zones,while that of Apricot hedgerows showed an opposite tendency.（2）The classification and comparison of soil water availability showed that soil water of inner area of Caragana hedgerow was middle efficiency water,while those in inter area,front area and back area of Caragana hedgerow were difficult efficiency water.However,soil moisture of inner-band of Apricot hedgerows was easy efficiency water,but soil water after the band and in inter-band was middle efficiency water.（3）In terms of the soil water holding capacity,the maximum moisture capacity was69.91%in inter-band,and 62.54% in inner-band of Caragana hedgerows,which were higher than those after the band（60.31%）and in front of band（56.52%）,but the minimum moisture capacity in inter-band was the highest（53.20%）,and that in inner-band was the lowest（33.05%）.The maximum moisture capacity,capillary water capacity and minimum moisture capacity in inter-band of Apricot hedgerows were respectively1.05 times,0.96 times 1.35 times as those in inner-band.（4）At the soil layers from 20 cm to 100 cm,the soil volumetric water contents were obviously different at all layers under Caragana hedgerow（P〈0.05）except that at 40 cm depth of soil.The volumetric water contents of surface soil（20cm）at different positions of Caragana hedgerow were sequenced from the highest to the lowest by inner-band,after the band,in front of the band and inter-band.With the increase of soil depth,the soil volumetric water content was decreasing at inner-band,but increasing at inter-band.But the soil volumetric water content at different positions of Apricot hedgerows were basically the same,and changed in the same way and thus were not being affected by distance to vegetation zones.（5）Under the conditions of precipitation,spatial dynamics of soil water availability in various parts of Caragana hedgerows were listed from the largest to the lowest by inter-band,after the band,in front of band,and inner-band,while those of Apricot hedgerow were sequenced by inner-band,after the band,and inter-band.（6）In inner-band and inter-band of Caragana hedgerows,the soil drying layer was in the 20—200cm of soil,while in terraces,soil drying layer was in the 60—200cm of soil.The drying extent of soil was listed by inner-band of Caragana hedgerow system,inter-band of Caragana hedgerow system,and then terraces.Therefore,vegetation has serious impact on thickness and distribution of soil drying layer.When vegetation is reconstructed,changes in precipitation,soil properties,and vegetation type should be taken into consideration so as to select the appropriate vegetation types and set reasonable planting density in case of the impact of the dried layer of soil on vegetation restoration and reconstruction.