文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：甜角大小孢子发生和雌雄配子体发育及受精过程

英文题名：Megasporogenesis,microsporogenesis,development of male and female gametophytes and fertilization of Tamarindus indica L.

作者：夏富娴[1,2] 李梦雪[1] 李体初[1] 杨时宇[1] 王兵益[1]

第一作者：夏富娴

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所,云南昆明650224;[2]南京林业大学,江苏南京210037

年份：2021

卷号：43

期号：6

起止页码：1243-1253

中文期刊名：云南大学学报：自然科学版

外文期刊名：Journal of Yunnan University:Natural Sciences Edition

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2021_2022】；

基金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201204420).

语种：中文

中文关键词：甜角;小孢子发生;大孢子发生;雌配子体;雄配子体;受精作用

外文关键词：Tamarindus indica L.;microsporogenesis;megasporogenesis;female gametophyte;male gametophyte;fertilization

分类号：Q94

摘要：甜角(Tamarindus indica L.)是豆科(Leguminosae)酸豆属(Tamarindus L.)植物,果实是特色热带水果,不仅具有较高的营养价值,还具有重要的药用价值.甜角果实产量和质量与果实的发生、发育过程密切相关.作为新引进物种,对其生殖生物学过程研究较少,难以采取有效的提质增产措施.采用常规石蜡切片法和荧光显微观察法观察了甜角大小孢子发生和雌雄配子体的发育及受精过程.结果表明:①甜角花药四室,绒毡层为变形绒毡层,成熟花粉粒为2?细胞花粉,3条萌发沟;子房一室,双珠被,厚珠心,蓼型胚囊,成熟胚囊助细胞退化,反足细胞早期退化.②胚囊发育正常,花粉在发育过程中出现细胞核降解、细胞质浓缩及细胞皱缩的败育现象,花粉囊有空室现象.③经人工授粉花粉在柱头上能正常萌发,6 h后花粉管延伸至子房完成受精.研究为揭示甜角的生殖生物学过程积累资料,也将为其采取有效地提质增产措施提供参考依据.
Tamarindus indica L.is a tropical plant from genus Tamarindus L.in Leguminosae,whose fruit has high nutritional value and important medicinal value.The yield and quality of T.indica fruit are closely related to the development of the fruit.As a newly introduced species,there is little research on its reproductive biology process.To find the efficient measures to improve quality and increase yield of the fruit,conventional paraffin method and fluorescence microscopy were used to observe the mega-sporogenesis and microsporogenesis,as well as the development and fertilization of male and female gametes of T.indica.The main results were as follows:①The anther of T.indica consisted of four pollen sacs,deformable tapetum,and mature pollen grain had 2-celled pollen,three germ furrows.The ovary was unilocular,bitegmic and crassinucellate.The type of embryo sac belonged to the Polygonum-type.The mature embryo sac synergid degenerated,while the antipodal cells degenerated in the early stage of development.②The embryo sac developed normally,whereas,pollen exhibited the abortion phenomena of nuclear degradation,cytoplasmic concentration and cell shrinkage during its development.Meanwhile,there were some empty chambers in pollen sacs.③The artificially pollinated pollen could germinate normally on the stigma,and 6 hours later,the pollen tube extended to the ovary to complete fertilization.This study is helpful to reveal the reproductive biological process of T.indica,and would provide a reference to improve quality and increase production.