文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：面向未来的中国智慧林业:观测仪器体系的演进与发展趋势

英文题名：Future oriented Smart Forestry in China:Evolution and Development Trends of Observation Instrument Systems

作者：王智超[1] 马天天[1] 邵亚奎[1] 孙林豪[2] 李永华[3] 张晓媛[4] 张丽荣[5] 张贵[6] 范文义[7] 冯仲科[1]

第一作者：王智超

机构：[1]北京林业大学精准林业北京市重点实验室,北京100083;[2]浙江农林大学数学与计算机科学学院,杭州311300;[3]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091;[4]北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100029;[5]生态环境部环境规划院,北京100012;[6]中南林业科技大学理学院,长沙410018;[7]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

年份：2024

卷号：60

期号：4

起止页码：1-15

中文期刊名：林业科学

外文期刊名：Scientia Silvae Sinicae

收录：CSTPCD;;EI(收录号：20242216164474);Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；CSCD:【CSCD2023_2024】；

基金：北京林业大学5·5工程人才项目(BLRC2023A03)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：智慧林业;森林调查;仪器;虚拟化;传感器

外文关键词：smart forestry;forest survey;instrument;virtualization;sensor

分类号：S7

摘要：森林观测信息的生产是支持智慧林业工作开展的基础和先导。本文以森林观测仪器技术体系的构建历史、现状和未来为切入点,以基础性公共技术的发展脉络为支撑,深入分析森林观测仪器与森林观测需求的耦合程度。传统森林观测仪器体系在时效性和准确性上已经无法满足日益发展的林业调查的需要,观测仪器存在孤立性高、难以集成、操作繁琐、效率低等问题。这主要是由于当前针对森林观测研究偏重对成熟仪器使用和数据分析,观测仪器的研发偏重算法补偿和集成第三方元件,轻物理结构设计等因素造成。面对基本测量原理鲜有更新、森林观测标准制定滞后于新型技术发展等问题,本文从对观测仪器现在和未来的联合模式进行阐述,从逻辑架构到物理技术层面上分析森林观测仪器联合模式可能在未来出现的发展状况与应用前景。最后,基于当前基础性技术发展的趋势,对可能出现的几种新形态的森林观测仪器进行推测,并以此展望在近未来可能在中国实现的一种智能森林观测体系的雏形。
The production and circulation of forest observation information form the foundation and precursor for the advancement of smart forestry practices,with observation equipment and survey personnel being the primary producers of this information.This article takes the history,current state,and future of the forest observation instrument technology system as the starting point,and is supported by the development trajectory of fundamental public technology,to analyze in depth the coupling between forest observation instruments and forest observation requirements.The traditional forest observation instrument systems can no longer meet the growing needs of forestry surveys in terms of timeliness and accuracy,and they are high isolation,low integration,cumbersome operation,and low efficiency.This is mainly attributed to the current focus on mature instrument usage and data analysis in forest observation,with instrument development prioritizing algorithm compensation and the integration of third-party components over physical structure design.To address the lack of updates in basic measurement principles and the delay in setting forest observation standards, the article elaborates on the current and future joint modes of observation instruments, and analyzes the possible development status and application prospects of forest observation instrument joint modes from the logical architecture to the physical technology level. Finally, based on current trends in fundamental technological development, the article speculates the potential new forms of forest observation instruments and forecasts novel intelligent forest observation systems that may be realized in China in the near future.