文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：三峡库区近坝段不同类型尾矿土壤重金属污染评价

英文题名：Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution in Different Types of Tailings Soil Near the Dam of the Three Gorges Reservoir

作者：郭银花[1,2] 刘微[3,4,5] 邱利文[1,2] 温昊[3,4] 吴笛[1,2] 陈展[3,4] 吴锦华[1,2] 唐荣彬[1,2] 张定军[1,2] 袁睿[1,2] 肖文发[3,4]

第一作者：郭银花

机构：[1]中国长江三峡集团有限公司长江经济带生态环境国家工程研究中心,湖北武汉430010;[2]三峡库区珍稀资源植物湖北省重点实验室,湖北宜昌443000;[3]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091;[4]湖北秭归三峡库区森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,湖北秭归443699;[5]长江大学园艺园林学院,湖北荆州434000

年份：2026

卷号：41

期号：1

起止页码：235-243

中文期刊名：西北林学院学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Northwest Forestry University

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目(202303301)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：三峡库区;尾矿土壤;土壤重金属;污染评价;生态风险评价

外文关键词：Three Gorges Reservoir Area;tailings soil;soil heavy metals;pollution evaluation;ecological risk assessment

分类号：X53

摘要：探究三峡库区近坝段不同矿种类型的土壤重金属含量特征和重金属污染情况,为三峡库区近坝段尾矿土壤重金属污染防治提供科学依据。以三峡库区近坝段3个矿种类型的尾矿土壤为研究对象,包括2个金矿、3个磷矿和7个煤矿共12个采样点,分析土壤中镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、砷(As)、锌(Zn)元素含量,采用单因子指数法、内梅罗综合指数法、地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法,评价各矿种类型土壤重金属污染及其潜在生态风险。结果表明:1)金矿、磷矿、煤矿土壤Cd在0~20 cm土壤的平均含量分别为0.34、0.32、0.76 mg/kg,均超过湖北省元素背景值。2)土壤Cd和Zn含量与有机质含量呈显著正相关;4种土壤重金属含量与土壤pH、全氮、全磷、全钾含量均不存在相关关系或呈显著负相关;Cd、As和Zn元素含量之间存在显著正相关,可能有相同或相似的污染来源。3)3种矿土壤中Cd是主要的致险因子和污染因子,Cd对潜在生态风险的贡献率高达73.57%~83.64%。煤矿污染最严重,单因子指数值和地累积指数值分别为4.4、1.56,属中度污染。金矿和磷矿的综合生态风险指数值(RI)分别为74.50、74.76,总体呈低生态风险;煤矿的RI为157.82,呈中等生态风险。建议加强研究区土壤Cd元素的污染监督和防治,尤其是煤矿,且不能忽视其余矿种和重金属元素的污染风险,应强化监管措施,防患于未然。
This study explores heavy metal content and pollution in soils from different mineral types near the Dam of Three Gorges Reservoir.It establishes a conceptual groundwork for addressing heavy metal pollution within the region’s woodland soil environments.Tailings soils of three mine types in the near-dam section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,including two gold mines,three phosphorus mines and seven coal mines with a total of 12 sampling points,were taken as the research object to analyse the elemental content of cadmium(Cd),lead(Pb),arsenic(As),and zinc(Zn)in the soils,and simultaneously,the single-factor index approach,the Nemerow composite index approach,the ground accumulating index approach,and the potentially ecological risk index approach were used to evaluate soil heavy metal contamination and its potential ecological risk for each mineral type.heavy metal pollution and its potential ecological risk.The results indicated the following:1)The mean concentrations of Cd in 0—20 cm soil samples from gold,phosphorus and coal mines were 0.34,0.32 and 0.76 mg/kg respectively,which exceeded elemental background values for Hubei Province.2)Soil Cd and Zn contents were significantly and positively correlated with organic matter content.The four soil heavy metal contents were either not correlated or significantly and negatively correlated with soil pH,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium contents.3)Cd in soils of three mineral types as a major risk factor and contaminant,and its contribution to the potential ecological risk was as high as 73.57%—83.64%,among which the coal mine was the most seriously contaminated,with the values of the single-factor index and the ground cumulative index of 4.4 and 1.56,separately,which were affected by moderate pollution.The values of the potential ecological risk composite index for the gold mine and the phosphorus mine were 74.50 and 74.76,respectively,which were minor ecological risk.In light of this,it is imperative to strengthen the monitoring and prevention of soil Cd pollution in the study area,particularly in coal mining zones.Concurrently,pollution risks associated with other mineral types and heavy metal elements should not be overlooked.It is crucial to intensify regulatory measures,implement comprehensive oversight,and adopt proactive prevention strategies to mitigate potential environmental hazards.