文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Biparentally incubating Aegithalos concinnus (Black-throated Tit) provide a more stable nest thermal environment than uniparentally incubating A. glaucogularis (Silver-throated Tit)

作者：Hu, Qian[1] Wang, Yue[1] Yu, Gaoyang[1,2] Lv, Lei[3] Wang, Pengcheng[4] Wen, Ye[5] Guan, Haohui[6] Xu, Jiliang[1] Wang, Yong[7] Zhang, Zhengwang[8] Li, Jianqiang[1]

第一作者：Hu, Qian

通信作者：Li, JQ[1]

机构：[1]Beijing Forestry Univ, Sch Ecol & Nat Conservat, Beijing, Peoples R China;[2]Univ Groningen, Groningen Inst Evolutionary Life Sci, Groningen, Netherlands;[3]Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Shenzhen, Peoples R China;[4]Nanjing Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Jiangsu Key Lab Biodivers & Biotechnol, Nanjing, Peoples R China;[5]Hunan Polytech Environm & Biol, Sch Biotechnol, Hengyang, Peoples R China;[6]Chinese Acad Forestry, Expt Ctr Forestry North China, Beijing, Peoples R China;[7]Alabama A&M Univ, Coll Agr Life & Nat Sci, Normal, AL USA;[8]Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Key Lab Biodivers Sci & Ecol Engn, Minist Educ, Beijing, Peoples R China

年份：2025

外文期刊名：ORNITHOLOGY

收录：;WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001533398000001)】；

基金：Funding was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31970421; 31472011; 31101644).

语种：英文

外文关键词：adaptability; ambient temperature; biparental incubation; incubation mode; interspecific comparison; nest temperature; uniparental incubation; adaptabilidad; comparaci & oacute;n interespec & iacute;fica; incubaci & oacute;n biparental; incubaci & oacute;n uniparental; modo de incubaci & oacute;n; temperatura ambiente; temperatura del nido

摘要：Different parental care modes in birds have been thought to be adaptations to different environmental conditions, but their adaptability to environments remains underexplored. We predict that the biparentally incubating species have better adaptability to environments than the uniparentally incubating species. By comparing two congenic species (the uniparentally incubating Aegithalos glaucogularis [Silver-throated Tit] and the biparentally incubating A. concinnus [Black-throated Tit]) from their sympatric populations in central China, we found that A. glaucogularis had shorter on- and off-bouts (i.e., shorter time on and off the nest) than A. concinnus. When ambient temperature increased, both species decreased on-bout duration and increased off-bout duration, but the decrease of on-bout duration in A. concinnus was to a greater degree. Moreover, only A. concinnus extended off-bouts after longer on-bouts, although both species extended on-bout durations after longer off-bouts. In addition, when ambient temperature increased, their daytime cumulative nest temperatures increased, whereas nest temperature fluctuations decreased. However, despite that their daytime cumulative nest temperatures were similar, A. glaucogularis nests experienced more temperature fluctuations. These patterns imply that biparentally incubating A. concinnus have more flexible strategies in egg care and a better ability to maintain a stable nest thermal environment than uniparentally incubating A. glaucogularis. The findings highlight different adaptive potentials between biparentally and uniparentally incubating birds, shedding light on the evolution of different incubation modes in birds. center dot The adaptability to environments of different incubation modes in birds remains understudied.center dot We compared how different factors affected on- and off-bout durations (i.e., the length of time spent on and off the nest) and nest temperature between the uniparentally incubating Aegithalos glaucogularis (Silver-throated Tit) and the biparentally incubating A. concinnus (Black-throated Tit).center dot Aegithalos concinnus showed a faster reduction in on-bout duration than A. glaucogularis when ambient temperature increased.center dot Longer prior on-bouts were followed by longer off-bouts in A. concinnus, but not in A. glaucogularis.center dot Although their on-bout duration both increased with increasing incubation start date and decreased with increasing clutch size, the trends were more pronounced in A. concinnus.center dot Nest temperature fluctuated more for A. glaucogularis.center dot Aegithalos glaucogularis appeared to have less flexible incubation strategies and had a relatively worse ability to maintain a stable nest thermal environment than A. concinnus.center dot The results contribute to the understanding of the adaptability and the potential role of ecological factors in influencing the evolution of incubation modes in birds. Se ha considerado que los distintos modos de cuidado parental en aves son adaptaciones a condiciones ambientales distintas, pero su adaptabilidad a los entornos sigue siendo poco explorada. Predecimos que las especies que incuban biparentalmente tienen una mejor adaptabilidad al entorno que las especies que incuban uniparentalmente. Comparando dos especies cong & eacute;neres (Aegithalos glaucogularis, que incuba uniparentalmente, y A. concinnus, que incuba biparentalmente) a partir de sus poblaciones simp & aacute;tricas en el centro de China, encontramos que A. glaucogularis ten & iacute;a per & iacute;odos m & aacute;s cortos de presencia y ausencia en el nido que A. concinnus. Cuando aumentaba la temperatura ambiente, ambas especies reduc & iacute;an la duraci & oacute;n de su permanencia en el nido y aumentaban la de sus ausencias, pero la reducci & oacute;n en A. concinnus fue mayor. M & aacute;s a & uacute;n, s & oacute;lo A. concinnus extend & iacute;a sus ausencias del nido tras per & iacute;odos largos de permanencia, aunque ambas especies prolongaban su tiempo en el nido despu & eacute;s de ausencias prolongadas. Asimismo, cuando la temperatura ambiente aumentaba, la temperatura acumulada del nido durante el d & iacute;a aumentaba, mientras que las fluctuaciones de temperatura del nido disminu & iacute;an. Sin embargo, a pesar de que las temperaturas acumuladas en el nido durante el d & iacute;a fueron similares, los nidos de A. glaucogularis experimentaron m & aacute;s fluctuaciones t & eacute;rmicas. Estos patrones implican que A. concinnus, que incuba biparentalmente, posee estrategias m & aacute;s flexibles de cuidado del huevo y una mejor capacidad para mantener un ambiente t & eacute;rmico estable en el nido que A. glaucogularis, que incuba uniparentalmente. Los hallazgos resaltan diferencias en el potencial adaptativo entre aves con incubaci & oacute;n biparental y uniparental, arrojando luz sobre la evoluci & oacute;n de los distintos modos de incubaci & oacute;n en aves.