文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：不同施肥处理对三峡库区柑橘园土壤氮磷淋失影响

英文题名：Effects of Different Fertilization on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Leaching of Citrus Orchard Soil in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

作者：王甜[1] 黄志霖[1] 曾立雄[1] 肖文发[1] 宋文梅[2]

第一作者：王甜

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所;[2]秭归县林业局

年份：2018

卷号：32

期号：5

起止页码：53-57

中文期刊名：水土保持学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2017_2018】；

基金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD07B04)

语种：中文

中文关键词：三峡库区;柑橘园土壤;施肥;氮磷;淋溶

外文关键词：the Three Gorges Reservoir Area;citrus orchard soil;fertilization;nitrogen and phosphorus;leaching

分类号：X524

摘要：在2017年8月利用原状土柱模拟淋溶试验对三峡库区秭归县柑橘园土壤的氮磷淋溶流失进行研究,探讨不同施肥处理对土壤氮、磷淋失的影响,为三峡库区农业面源污染的防控提供理论依据。试验设置6个处理,分别为不施肥处理(T0)、减量施肥(T1)、常量施肥(T2)、增量施肥(T3)、常量复合肥A施肥(T4)和常量复合肥B施肥(T5)。结果表明:(1)不同施肥处理下,柑橘园土壤淋滤液中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、硝态氮(NO_3^-—N)和铵态氮(NH_4^+—N)的淋溶浓度范围分别为37.16~163.07,0.61~6.69,27.54~79.38,2.37~7.10mg/L。(2)施肥量和施肥种类皆为土壤中氮磷淋溶的影响因素。在相同施肥种类下,土壤氮磷淋溶浓度随施肥量增加而显著增加,但施肥量高到一定程度后,淋溶浓度增长幅度会降低。在相同施氮量下,硝态氮的淋失受施肥种类影响最大,铵态氮最小。(3)在土壤淋滤液中,硝态氮为可溶性氮主要淋失形态,其淋失量占TN淋失量的比率为29.72%~46.18%,NH_4^+—N淋失量的比重为1.09%~2.05%。从研究结果推论,常量复合肥A施肥处理更有利于肥料氮向供植物吸收可溶性氮转化并降低施肥后土壤中氮素累积的风险。
The leaching of soil nitrogen and phosphorus in the citrus orchard of Zigui County of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area were studied in August 2017 by using the original soil column simulated experiment,and the effects of different fertilization treatments on soil nitrogen and phosphorus leaching were discussed,which provided a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of agricultural non-point pollution in this region.The results were as follows:(1)The leaching concentration of total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),nitrate nitrogen(NO 3--N)and ammonium nitrogen(NH 4+-N)in the filtrate of citrus orchard under different fertilization treatments were 37.16~163.07,0.61~6.69,27.54~79.38 and 2.37~7.10 mg/L,respectively.(2)Both the amount of fertilizer and the type of fertilization were the factors affecting the leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil.Under the same fertilization treatment,the soil nitrogen and phosphorus leaching concentration increased significantly with the increase of the amount of fertilizer,and then the increase reduced.Under the same nitrogen application rate,the leaching of nitrate nitrogen was most affected by the type of fertilizer,while the leaching of ammonium nitrogen was the smallest.(3)In soil filtrate,nitrate nitrogen was the main leaching form of soluble nitrogen,and the ratio of leaching loss and total nitrogen leaching was 29.72%~46.18%,and the proportion of NH 4+-N leaching loss was 1.09%~2.05%.The finding indicate that the treatment of constant compound fertilizer is more beneficial to the conversion of fertilizer nitrogen to soluble nitrogen for plant absorption and to reduction the accumulation of nitrogen in soil after fertilization.