文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：小叶杨×欧洲黑杨杂交F_(1)代生长及叶片解剖结构杂种优势分析与抗旱性评价

英文题名：Heterosis and drought resistance assessment of Populus simonii × P.nigra F_(1) hybrids based on growth traits and leaf anatomical structures

作者：张伟溪[1] 丁密[1] 苏晓华[1] 李爱平[2] 王小江[2] 余金金[1] 李政宏[1] 黄秦军[1] 丁昌俊[1]

第一作者：张伟溪

机构：[1]林木遗传育种全国重点实验室,国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091;[2]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

年份：2025

卷号：49

期号：1

起止页码：46-58

中文期刊名：南京林业大学学报(自然科学版)

外文期刊名：Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Sciences Edition

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：科技创新2030-重大项目(2023ZD0405603);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31870662);中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2020SZ002)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：小叶杨×欧洲黑杨;生长;叶片解剖结构;遗传变异;杂种优势

外文关键词：Populus simonii×P.nigra;growth;leaf anatomical structures;genetic variation;heterosis

分类号：S722.3

摘要：【目的】以内蒙古通辽天然小叶杨(Populus simonii)与荷兰北部欧洲黑杨(P.nigra)杂交F_(1)代的30个无性系为试验材料,对其自然半干旱条件下的F_(1)代生长性状及叶片解剖结构性状进行综合评价研究,为选育抗旱适应性强的杨树品种及亲本资源利用提供依据。【方法】对F_(1)代30个无性系的不同林龄(4、5、6 a)生长性状及9个叶片解剖结构性状(6年生)进行差异比较、遗传变异分析和杂种优势研究,采用相关性分析评判各指标的关联程度,采用主成分分析筛选典型叶片解剖结构性状,最后采用隶属函数法对30个杨树无性系6年生典型叶片解剖结构与生长性状进行抗旱性综合评价。【结果】不同无性系间9个叶片解剖结构及生长性状均存在极显著差异;树高和胸径生长性状变异系数变化范围分别为17.28%~19.24%和28.22%~29.87%,不同树龄树高和胸径均明显高于双亲,高亲优势率为29.27%~36.83%,部分杂交无性系的树高和胸径生长性状已经形成明显的超亲优势;各叶片解剖结构性状变异系数范围为5.78%~18.82%,重复力变化范围为0.91~0.97;F_(1)代的下表皮厚度、栅海比和叶片组织紧密度、栅栏组织厚度的正向超中亲优势明显,且角质层厚度、下表皮厚度、叶片组织紧密度出现明显正向超高亲优势,超高亲优势率为1.34%~1.77%。相关性分析结果表明,各指标之间具有较高的相关性,最终筛选出角质层厚度、叶片组织疏松度、叶片组织紧密度、栅海比和海绵组织厚度5个指标为小叶杨×欧洲黑杨杂交子代抗旱性评价的叶片解剖结构指标。通过隶属函数分析,最终筛选出02-06、02-01、02-05、02-24、02-03、02-13等6个最具有生长潜力和抗旱能力的无性系。【结论】小叶杨×欧洲黑杨杂交F_(1)代的生长和叶片解剖结构性状变异丰富,具有较大的选择潜力和杂种优势,初步筛选出6个最具有生长和抗旱潜力的无性系,为干旱地区选育高产高抗杨树新品种及育种亲本选配提供重要依据。
【Objective】30 F_(1) hybrids of Populus simonii(from Tongliao,Inner Mongolia)×P.nigra(from northern Netherland)were used as experimental materials in this study.Aimed to comprehensive evaluate the growth and leaf anatomical structure traits of the F 1 hybrids under natural semi-arid conditions,which will provide a basis for selecting poplar varieties with strong drought tolerance adaptability and utilizing parental resources.【Method】Differences,genetic variation analysis,and heterosis analysis were conducted on the growth traits of F 1 hybrids at four,five,six years and nine leaf anatomical structure traits at six years.Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of each parameter.The principal component analysis was used to screen typical leaf anatomical structure traits.The membership function method was used to comprehensively evaluate the drought tolerance.【Result】Growth traits and leaf anatomical structures were significant different among F 1 hybrids.The coefficient of variative(CV)of tree height(H)and diameter at breast height(DBH)is 17.28%-19.24%and 28.22%-29.87%,respectively.The H and DBH of F 1 hybrids at different ages are significantly higher than those of their parents,with a high-parent heterosis rate(R H b)29.27%-36.83%.Partial hybrid clones have exhibited high-parent heterosis(H b)at H and DBH.The CV of leaf anatomical structure traits is 5.78%-18.82%,with repeatability of which is 0.91-0.97.F 1 hybrids showed a significant positive mid-parent heterosis in lower epidermis thickness,thickness ratio of palisade to spongy,compaction of leaf tissue,thickness of palisade tissue,and a significant positive H b in cuticle thickness,lower epidermis thickness and compaction of leaf tissue,with R H b of 1.34%-1.77%.There is a high correlation between various indicators,and compaction of leaf tissue,cuticle thickness,compaction of leaf tissue,palisade/spongy and thickness of spongy tissue were ultimately selected as the main component indicators of leaf anatomical structures for evaluating drought resistance of F 1 hybrids.Six clones(02-06,02-01,02-05,02-24,02-03,02-13)with potential of growth and drought tolerance were ultimately selected.【Conclusion】Growth traits and leaf anatomical structure varied greatly in F 1 hybrids of P.simonii×P.nigra,which have great potential of selection and heterosis.Anatomical structure of leaves could be used to evaluate drought resistance of F 1 hybrids.Six clones(02-06,02-01,02-05,02-24,02-03,02-13)with potential of fast growth and drought toterlance were initially selected.These results can provide candidate clones and important information of selecting breeding parents for breeding new high-yield and high resistance poplar varieties in arid areas.