文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：国家公园体制试点区景观格局特征演变与驱动机制

英文题名：Evolution of Landscape Pattern's Characteristics in Pilot National Parks and Its Driving Mechanism

作者：王鹏[1] 黄晗雯[2] 周雪[3] 陈树新[4] 徐珊珊[1] 李乐[5]

第一作者：王鹏

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所,北京100091;[2]国家林业和草原局林草调查规划院,北京100714;[3]青岛大学经济学院,青岛266071;[4]中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所,北京100091;[5]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州510520

年份：2023

卷号：21

期号：6

起止页码：72-80

中文期刊名：中国城市林业

外文期刊名：Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry

收录：国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库

基金：国家自然科学基金项目(52008389)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：国家公园;景观格局;驱动机制;演变特征;偏最小二乘回归模型

外文关键词：national park;landscape pattern;driving mechanism;evolution characteristics;partial least squares regression model

分类号：TU9

摘要：厘清国家公园景观格局特征及其影响演变的驱动机制,对于实现国家公园生态系统科学管理具有重要意义。以钱江源国家公园体制试点区为例,采用景观格局指数与偏最小二乘回归模型等方法,分析1990—2018年景观尺度格局特征,并从自然和社会经济两方面探究驱动研究区景观格局演变的关键因素。结果表明:1)斑块数量、最大斑块面积、边界密度、蔓延度指数、散布与并列指数呈增长趋势,并在1990—2000年表现明显;格局指数空间变化分布较均匀,随时间推进呈现变小趋势。2)年降水量对景观格局演变的驱动力最强,突出表现在边缘密度指数层面(VIP=1.16);相对湿度对景观格局指数驱动最小,仅对斑块数量(1.08)、平均斑块面积(1.07)指数有影响。3)茶叶产量、农村居民恩格尔系数对景观格局演变的驱动力最强;财政总收入、财政支出、城镇人口、人民币存贷款余额对格局演变没有驱动;国民生产总值、全社会固定资产投资对景观格局指数驱动较小,仅体现在边缘密度指数层面(1.01)。综上,试点区景观格局变化与区域生态保护水平或人为干扰程度相关,并受到自然和社会经济因素的综合驱动。
Clarifying the characteristics of national park landscape pattern and its driving mechanism is of great significance for the science-based management of national park ecosystem.Taking the pilot Qianjiangyuan National Park as the case for study,the paper uses landscape pattern index and partial least squares regression model to analyze the characteristics of the landscape pattern in 1990-2018,and explores the key factors to driving the evolution of the landscape pattern from the natural and socio-economic aspects.The results show:1)the number of patches,the maximum patch area,the boundary density,and the indexes of spread,dispersion and juxtaposition present an increasing trend,which was significant from 1990 to 2000;The spatial variation distribution of the pattern index is uniform and shows a decreasing trend over time;2)Annual precipitation exerts the strongest driving force on the evolution of landscape pattern,especially significant at the level of marginal density index(VIP=1.16);relative humidity has little effect on landscape pattern index,and only has influence on the indexes of patch number(1.08)and average patch area(1.07);and 3)Tea yield and Engel coefficient of rural residents have the strongest driving forces on landscape pattern evolution;total fiscal revenue,fiscal expenditure,urban population,RMB deposits and loans balance do not drive the evolution of the pattern;and GNP and social fixed asset investment have a small driving force on landscape pattern index,which is only reflected in the edge density index(1.01).It is concluded that the landscape pattern evolution in the pilot national parks is related to the level of regional ecosystem conservation or the extent of human intervention,and comprehensively driven by natural,social and economic factors at that.