文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：野生蒜头果种仁主要脂肪酸成分变异及评价

英文题名：Variation and evaluation of main fatty acid components in wild Malania oleifera kernel

作者：李洪果[1,2,3] 王瑞珍[4,5,6] 段润梅[1] 谌红辉[1] 劳庆祥[1] 吕仆[1] 周炳江[1] 孙文胜[1]

第一作者：李洪果

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心,广西凭祥532600;[2]广西友谊关森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,广西凭祥532600;[3]崇左凭祥友谊关森林生态系统广西野外科学观测研究站,广西凭祥532600;[4]植物迁地保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室,北京100093;[5]北京市花卉园艺工程技术研究中心,北京100093;[6]北京市植物园管理处,北京100093

年份：2025

卷号：45

期号：5

起止页码：1-8

中文期刊名：中南林业科技大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：广西自然科学基金项目(2025GXNSFAA069792);国家自然科学基金项目(32160388)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：蒜头果;神经酸;经济性状;种质资源

外文关键词：Malania oleifera;nervonic acid;economic traits;germplasm resources

分类号：S722.5

摘要：【目的】探究天然林中蒜头果种仁主要脂肪酸成分变异规律并筛选优良单株,为建立蒜头果基因库、育种群体和优良无性系选育提供理论依据。【方法】在检测97份野生蒜头果种仁含油率、神经酸含量、油酸含量和芥酸含量的基础上,采用方差分析、多重比较、主成分分析和聚类分析等方法,对4个经济性状进行分析,筛选出蒜头果优良单株。【结果】1)蒜头果主要脂肪酸成分及相对含量变异不丰富,97个样本4个经济性状的相对含量均值分别为53.85%、45.64%、30.18%和14.11%;平均多样性指数和变异系数分别为1.43和10.20,含油率指标的选择潜力最大。2)蒜头果种仁含油率与神经酸含量呈极显著正相关(r=0.58,P<0.01),与芥酸含量呈极负显著相关(r=-0.44,P<0.01),表明可同时选育高含油率、高神经酸和低芥酸含量的蒜头果优良单株。3)从97份种质资源中筛选出8份高含油率和高神经酸含量的蒜头果优良单株,分别为1、3、4、9、51、77、79和80号,双高单株4个经济性状的相对含量均值分别为62.71%、48.61%、29.45%和12.89%,1和9号同时为低芥酸含量单株。【结论】蒜头果种仁含油率是首选育种目标;可同时选育高含油率、高神经酸和低芥酸含量的蒜头果优良单株;筛选出的8份优良单株可作为建立蒜头果基因库、育种群体和良种选育的关键种质材料。
【Objective】To study the variation of main fatty acid components of Malania oleifera seed kernel in natural forest and to select superior excellent samples,so as to provide basis for the establishment of Malania oleifera gene bank,breeding population and excellent clonal breeding.【Method】On the basis of detecting the seed oil content,nervonic acid,octadec enoic acid and doco senoic acid contents of 97 wild Malania oleifera,the above four economic traits were analyzed by ANOVA,multiple comparison,principal component analysis and cluster analysis,and the excellent samples of Malania oleifera were selected.【Result】1)The variation of main fatty acid composition and relative content of Malania oleifera was not abundant.The mean relative contents of four economic traits of 97 samples were 53.85%,45.64%,30.18%and 14.11%,respectively;the average diversity index and coefficient of variation were 1.43 and 10.20,respectively.2)there was a significant positive correlation between oil content and nervonic acid content in seed(r=0.58,P<0.01),and a significant negative correlation between nervonic acid content and doco senoic acid content(r=-0.44,P<0.01),which showed that high oil content,high nervonic acid and low doco senoic could be selected at the same time.3)from 97 germplasm resources,8 excellent Malania oleifera samples with high oil content and high nerve acid content were selected:1,3,4,9,51,77,79 and 80,and the mean relative contents of 4 economic traits of double high single plant were 62.71%,48.61%,29.45%and 12.89%,respectively,1 and 9 were samples with low doco senoic acid content.【Conclusion】The seed oil content of Malania oleifera is the preferred breeding target.The samples of Malania oleifera with high seed oil content,high nerve acid and low doco senoic acid can be selected at the same time.The selected 8 excellent samples can be used as the key germplasm materials to establish the gene bank,breeding population and variety breeding of Malania oleifera.