文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：粤西木麻黄青枯病成灾原因及防治策略

英文题名：Causes and Prevention Strategies on the Outbreak of Casuarina equisetifolia Bacterial Wilt in Western Guangdong Province

作者：孙战[1,2] 张勇[1] 马海宾[1]

第一作者：孙战

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,热带林业研究国家林业和草原局重点实验室,广州510520;[2]海南大学植物保护学院,海口570228

年份：2020

卷号：3

期号：3

起止页码：6-10

中文期刊名：温带林业研究

外文期刊名：Journal of Temperate Forestry Research

基金：广东省林业科技创新项目“雷州半岛常绿季雨林恢复树种筛选与群落构建研究与示范”(2018KJCX010);广东省林业科技创新项目“沿海防护林基干林带主要树种木麻黄良种选育关键技术研究与示范”(2014KJCX017)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：木麻黄;青枯病;成灾因素;防治

外文关键词：Casuarina equisetifolia;bacterial wilt;disaster factors;prevention

分类号：S763.1

摘要：木麻黄青枯病是一种土传细菌病害,因为青枯病病原菌寄主广泛,致病机理独特,变异能力强和无寄主情况下的存活能力强的特点,决定了其防治难度极大。青枯病病原菌致病机理十分复杂,其侵染植物通常是从寄主根部开始侵入,在皮层细胞间隙进行繁殖,然后入侵导管和相邻组织,并在寄主体内产生大量胞外多糖(EPSI),阻塞和破坏寄主维管系统,最终导致寄主死亡。木麻黄青枯病的发生与气象因子,尤其是与粤西地区的台风频发关系密切;木麻黄品种、树龄、立地环境、栽培管理方式和人为活动也与病害发生密切相关。导致青枯病发生的因素很多,哪一个或哪几个是主要成因尚不完全清楚。通过阅读大量相关文献,笔者归纳出粤西地区木麻黄青枯病发生相对严重的三点原因:一是粤西地区气候温暖湿润、温度适宜、土壤PH值较其它地区偏低,二是粤西地区强台风频发,三是粤西地区当地农户种植习惯和木麻黄人工林林分结构单一。木麻黄青枯病防治的基本策略是以预防为主,通过应用抗病新品种,运用科学的苗木繁殖和培育技术,结合合理的营林措施,再加上接种有效的生防菌,木麻黄沿海防护林青枯病的发生一定能被有效控制。围绕抗病育种开展相关基础与应用研究将为可持续防控提供重要科学依据与有效途径。
The bacterial wilt of Casuarina equisetifolia,which caused by Ralstonia solanacearum,is a soil-borne disease.Because Ralstonia solanacearum has a wide range of hosts,unique pathogenic mechanism,strong mutation ability and strong survivability under the conditions of absence of host,which decide that its prevention is extremely difficult.The pathogenic mechanism of Ralstonia Solanacearum is very complicated.It usually invades the plant from the root of the host,propagates in the intercellular space of the cortex invades the vessel and the adjacent tissues,and produces a lot of exopolysaccharides(EPSI)in the host,clogs and destroys the host's vascular system,ultimately killing the host.The occurrence of C.equisetifolia bacterial wilt is directly related to the weather,especially close to the frequent occurrence of typhoons in western Guangdong.C.equisetifolia species and growth age,surrounding growth environments,cultivation management methods and human activities are also closely related to disease occurrence.There are many factors leading to the occurrence of bacterial wilt,which one or several is the main cause is not completely clear.Through reading a large number of relevant literature,the author concluded three reasons for the relatively serious occurrence of C.equisetifolia bacterial wilt in western Guangdong:fi rst,the climate in western Guangdong is warm and humid,the temperature is suitable,and the soil Ph value is lower than that in other areas,secondly,there are frequent strong typhoons in western Guangdong,thirdly,the planting habits of local farmers and the single structure of C.equisetifolia plantation in western Guangdong.The basic strategy for the control of C.equisetifolia bacterial wilt is based on prevention,applying new varieties of disease resistance,applying scientifi c seedling propagation and cultivation techniques,and combining reasonable forest management measures to inoculate effective biocontrol bacteria,the occurrence of bacterial wilt of C.equisetifolia in coastal protection forest must be effectively controlled.Carrying out relevant basic and applied research around disease-resistant breeding will provide an important scientifi c basis and effective way for sustainable prevention and control.