文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：简述我国胡蜂人工养殖的现状简述我国胡蜂人工养殖的现状、机遇和挑战

英文题名：The Current Status,Opportunity and Challendge of Hornet Keeping in China

作者：冯璇璇[1,2] 谢正华[1,2] 李智[3] 王健敏[4] 蒋学建[5] 贾瑀珂[1,2]

第一作者：冯璇璇

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院高原林业研究所,云南昆明650224;[2]国家林业和草原局资源昆虫培育与利用重点实验室,云南昆明650224;[3]西南林业大学材料与化学工程学院,云南昆明650021;[4]云南省农村科技服务中心,云南昆明650224;[5]广西林业有害生物天敌繁育工程技术研究中心,广西南宁530002

年份：2025

卷号：31

期号：5

起止页码：96-102

中文期刊名：现代农业研究

外文期刊名：Modern Agriculture Research

基金：云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目(项目编号:202405AC350077);云南省基础研究计划项目“人工养殖的黄脚胡蜂对不同景观中昆虫群落的影响研究”(项目编号:202401AS070015);云南省基础研究计划项目“基于蜂毒性状的云南胡蜂人工优质种筛选研究”(项目编号:202301AT070432)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：胡蜂;蜂蛹;蜂毒;生物多样性;黄脚胡蜂

外文关键词：hornet;pupae;hornet venom;biodiversity;yellow-legged hornet

分类号：S89;F326.3

摘要：近年来,随着养殖技术的成熟和发展,胡蜂人工养殖已成为我国南方重要的养殖产业。胡蜂人工养殖以黄脚胡蜂为主,双色胡蜂、基胡蜂、金环胡蜂等其它胡蜂也有人养殖。我国南方有不同规模的胡蜂养殖基地,开展胡蜂交配、越冬、产卵、筑巢和室外挂养的养殖模式。胡蜂幼虫和蛹是胡蜂养殖业提供的主要农产品,以蜂毒为原料可生产加工成祛风湿、杀菌和抗肿瘤细胞生长的药品或保健品。胡蜂人工养殖既丰富市场的蜂类产品,又增加养殖者收入,提供新的就业岗位。同时,胡蜂人工养殖面临新的问题,比如胡蜂培育过程中容易暴发病害,室外挂养可能影响环境中生物多样性等等。增长的消费市场将进一步推动胡蜂养殖业的发展,有必要加强胡蜂养殖管理,以促进胡蜂养殖业的健康可持续发展。
With the development of techniques and methods for rearing hornets,the hornet keeping becomes a new animal husbandry in southern China.Hornet Vespa velutina is the most common species reared by keepers and V.mandarinia,V.basalis and V.bicolor also receive some attentions.Houses and equipment for rearing hornets were developed to manipulate the copulation,hibernation,egg-laying and nesting of hornets under controlled temperature and humidity.Pupae and larvae are consumed by human,and hornet venoms are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis,antiseptics and inhibit tumor cell growth.Hornet keeping not only increases the incomes of hornet keepers,but also provides new job positions.However,hornet keeping also faces some challenge,such as disease outbreak and potential biodiversity loss.Finally,administrative regulations are suggested to safeguard the development of hornet keeping.