文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：黄河流域生态环境治理政策解析与演变特征

英文题名：Analysis and evolution characteristics of policies for ecological environment gover-nance in the Yellow River Basin

作者：王超[1] 韩丽丽[1] 何友均[1] 谢和生[1] 许单云[1] 张孝仙[1]

第一作者：王超

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所,北京100091

年份：2025

卷号：35

期号：7

起止页码：123-133

中文期刊名：中国人口·资源与环境

外文期刊名：China Population,Resources and Environment

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家林业和草原局林业重大问题研究项目“黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展林草政策研究”(批准号:500102-1736);国家林业和草原局“十五五”规划编制研究项目“‘十五五’林草主要目标指标和主要任务”(批准号:500102-1776)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：生态环境治理;政策演变;政策工具;扎根理论;高质量发展

外文关键词：ecological environment governance;policy evolution;policy instrument;grounded theory;highquality development

分类号：D601;X321

摘要：黄河流域是中国生态安全格局构建的重要组成部分,其生态环境治理问题一直受到党和国家的重视。了解黄河流域生态环境治理历程和生态环境治理政策的演变,对于贯彻黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展战略至关重要。该研究以1949—2023年中共中央、国务院以及各部门和沿黄各省份发布的黄河流域生态环境治理政策文本为研究对象,通过构建“结构—内容—体系”三维政策分析框架,并采用扎根理论的质性研究方法,对黄河流域生态环境治理政策的演变特征进行量化分析。结果表明:①在基本特征方面,生态环境治理政策文本数量随着五年规划的出台不断增多;生态环境治理政策发布主体层级高且以多部门联合发文为主;生态环境治理政策的主要工具类型为命令控制型;生态环境治理政策的主要目标是生态保护修复。②随着生态文明建设的不断推进,黄河流域生态环境治理政策的热点在不同的演变阶段也发生了相应变化。研究期内,黄河流域生态环境治理要素从森林草原治理转向全要素生态治理;治理区域从典型脆弱区域转向全流域治理;治理目标从重视经济效益转向重视生态效益;治理手段从以植被建设为主转向多元化治理;治理配套措施从政府主导转向社会支撑。基于以上研究结果,该研究展望“十五五”时期黄河流域生态环境治理政策的供给,提出以下政策参考:应以高质量发展为导向,政策目标要与黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展战略规划全面衔接;政策内容要注重生态、经济和文化一体化发展;政策工具要重视发挥多种工具结合的综合效益。
The Yellow River Basin is an essential component of China's ecological security pattern,and its ecological environment governance has been a focus of both the Communist Party of China and the Chinese government.Understanding the processes of ecological environment governance and the evolution of relevant policies for the Yellow River Basin is crucial for implementing national strategies of ecological protection and high-quality development.Based on the analysis of ecological environment governance policy texts issued by central and provincial governments along the Yellow River Basin from 1949 to 2023,this study constructed a“structurecontentsystem”three-dimensional policy analysis framework and adopted a qualitative research approach of the grounded theory to quantify the evolution characteristics of policies for ecological environment governance in the Yellow River Basin.It found that:①The number of ecological environment governance policy texts continued to increase with the introduction of Five-Year Plans.The entities responsible for issuing ecological environment governance policies were of a high administrative level and primarily issued policies jointly through multiple departments.The main policy instrument for ecological environment governance was command-and-control.The primary objective of ecological environment governance policies was ecological protection and restoration.②With the continuous advancement of ecological civilization construction,the focus of policies for ecological environment governance in the Yellow River Basin also changed in different stages of evolution.During the study period,the ecological environment governance elements in the Yellow River Basin shifted from forest and grassland governance to all-factor ecological governance.The governance area expanded from typically vulnerable areas to basin-wide governance.The governance objectives shifted from prioritizing economic benefits to ecological benefits.The governance methods transitioned from focusing on vegetation construction to diversified governance.Supporting measures for ecological governance evolved from government leadership to social support.Based on the above research results,this study looks forward to the supply of policies for ecological environment governance in the Yellow River Basin during the“15th Five-Year Plan”period and proposes the following policy recommendations.Policies should prioritize high-quality development with goals fully integrated with the strategic plan for ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.The policy content should emphasize the integrated development of ecology,economy,and culture.The policy instruments should focus on maximizing comprehensive benefits through the coordinated use of multiple instruments.