文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：科尔沁沙地典型乔灌植被的深层渗漏与土壤水分补给特征

英文题名：Characteristics of Deep Percolation and Soil Water Replenishment of Typical Arboreal and Shrub Vegetation in Horqin Sandy Land

作者：于涛[1] 何亮[1] 杨文斌[2] 程一本[1] 冯伟[3] 齐容镰[4] 刘国华[5] 宁岩岩[6] 于远远[5] 李卫[7]

第一作者：于涛

机构：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083;[2]中国治沙暨沙业学会,北京100714;[3]锡林郭勒职业学院,锡林浩特026000;[4]宁夏回族自治区林业调查规划院,银川750010;[5]通辽市奈曼旗奈林国有治沙林场,通辽028300;[6]通辽市奈曼旗青龙山林场,通辽028300;[7]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091

年份：2026

卷号：62

期号：1

起止页码：83-94

中文期刊名：林业科学

外文期刊名：Scientia Silvae Sinicae

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFE0116900,2023YFF130420103,2023YFF1305201);SEE基金会资助项目(ZZ–1732767636);内蒙古自治区气象局项目(nmqxywpt202412);国家自然科学基金项目(U2243202);北京林业大学热点追踪项目援蒙“种植十亿棵树”计划暨中蒙荒漠化合作(2023BLRD04);阿拉善盟科技计划项目(AMKJ2023–17)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：科尔沁沙地;固沙植被;深层渗漏水量;土壤水分;沙区生态修复

外文关键词：Horqin Sandy Land;vegetation for sand stabilization;deep percolation volume;soil moisture;desert ecosystem rehabilitation

分类号：S152.7

摘要：【目的】探究科尔沁沙地典型固沙植被小叶锦鸡儿灌丛和新疆杨乔木林在不同水文年对深层渗漏水量和土壤水分的影响,为“三北”工程建设及科尔沁、浑善达克沙地歼灭战的林草生态用水管理提供理论指导。【方法】在2022年(湿润年)和2023年(干旱年)生长季(4—10月),对科尔沁沙地分布的典型乔灌固沙植被和流动沙地,使用自主研发的深层渗漏水量记录仪(YWB-01)实时定量监测深层渗漏水量,比较不同水文年乔灌固沙植被深层渗漏水量在日、月尺度上的差异;监测固沙植被0~200 cm土层的土壤水分变化,明晰湿润年和干旱年固沙植被在浅层(0~40 cm)、中层(40~120 cm)和深层(120~200 cm)土壤相对可提取水分的变化。基于水量平衡,探究固沙植被水分补充能力的差异。【结果】1)在各水文年,各土层的相对可提取水分在流动沙地均显著高于植被覆盖样地(P<0.05),浅层土壤在灌丛与乔木林样地之间无显著差异,中层和深层土壤为灌丛样地显著高于乔木林样地(P<0.05)。2)不同水文年的深层渗漏水量变化特征在不同样地间表现相似,渗漏量均表现为流动沙地>灌丛>乔木林,湿润年的深层渗漏水量高于干旱年。在日尺度,不同水文年的流动沙地深层渗漏水量在至少73.86%的天数高于灌丛样地,在月尺度的比例更高。流动沙地和灌丛样地的深层渗漏水量在整个研究时段均高于乔木林样地。3)乔灌固沙植被在湿润年份的蒸散量高于干旱年份。灌丛样地能够补给土壤水分,而乔木林样地导致土壤水分亏缺。【结论】在不同水文年,相比流动沙地,固沙植被样地在日、月尺度上均减少深层渗漏水量,其中乔木林固定沙地减少得更显著。在整个土层内,固沙植被的相对可提取水分显著低于流动沙地,乔木林样地消耗更多的中层和深层土壤水分,导致土壤水分明显亏缺。
【Objective】This study aims to investigate the impacts of typical sand-fixing vegetation(Caragana microphylla shrubs and Populus alba var.pyramidalis trees)on deep percolation and soil moisture in different hydro-meteorological years in Horqin Sandy Land,so as to provide a scientific basis for water management in forest and grassland ecosystems to support the“Three-North”Shelter Forest Program and the ecological restoration efforts in Horqin and Hunsanzhake sandy regions.【Methods】During growing seasons(April to October)of 2022(wet year)and 2023(dry year),the real-time quantitative monitoring of deep percolation across typical shrub and tree vegetation covers and mobile sandy areas in Horqin Sandy Land was conducted by using a self-developed deep percolation recorder(YWB-01).The differences in deep percolation were compared between different sand fixing vegetation types in two different hydro-meteorological years on a daily and monthly scale.Soil moisture at 0-200 cm depths was monitored to elucidate variations in the relative extractable water in the shallow(0-40 cm),middle(40-120 cm),and deep(120-200 cm)soil layers between the wet and drought years.Finally,based on water balance analysis,the water replenishment capacity of different vegetation types was assessed.【Result】1)In each hydro-meteorological year,the relative extractable water in all soil layers was significantly higher in mobile sandy areas than in vegetated sites(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the relative extractable water in shallow layer(0-40 cm)between shrub and tree sites,while the middle and deep layers(40-120 cm and 120-200 cm)had significantly higher relative extractable water in shrub sites compared to tree sites(P<0.05).2)The variation characteristics of deep percolation across different hydro-meteorological years exhibited similar patterns in different vegetation types,with the highest percolation flux in mobile sand dunes,followed by shrublands,and lowest in forested areas.The magnitude of deep percolation was greater in the wet year than that in drought year.On daily scales,deep percolation in mobile sand dunes in different hydro-meteorological years exceeded that in shrublands at least approximately 73.86%of days,with an even higher proportion on a monthly basis.Throughout the study period,deep percolation was consistently higher in mobile sand dunes and shrublands than that in forested sites.3)The evapotranspiration in shrub and tree vegetation was significantly higher in the wet year compared to the drought year.Shrublands contributed to soil water recharge,whereas forests led to soil moisture deficits.【Conclusion】In different hydro-meteorological years,vegetation-covered sites exhibit significantly reduced deep percolation relative to mobile sand dunes at both daily and monthly scales,with a more pronounced reduction observed in forested sands.The relative extractable water within the soil profile beneath vegetation is markedly lower than in mobile sand dunes;forested sites consume more mid-and deep-layer soil water,resulting in notable soil moisture deficits.