文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：金钗石斛雌配子体和胚的发育过程分析

英文题名：Female gametophyte and embryo development of Dendrobium nobile

作者：张艳慧[1] 郑宝强[1] 缪崑[1] 侯芳梅[2] 王雁[1]

第一作者：张艳慧

机构：[1]国家林业局林木培育重点实验室/中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091;[2]北京农学院园林学院,北京102206

年份：2021

卷号：36

期号：2

起止页码：90-94

中文期刊名：北京农学院学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

收录：CSTPCD

基金：中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2019ZB001)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：金钗石斛;雌配子体;胚发育

外文关键词：Dendrobium nobile;female gametophyte;embryo development

分类号：S682.31

摘要：【目的】为石斛属的植物生殖生物学研究提供基础数据。【方法】利用半薄切片显微观察石斛属模式植物金钗石斛雌配子体和胚发育过程。【结果】在授粉前,胎座未发育;授粉后30 d,位于胚珠原基末端的细胞体积增大变为孢原细胞;授粉后40 d,孢原细胞变为细胞核明显的大孢子母细胞;授粉后60 d左右,大孢子母细胞体积不再继续扩增,开始进行减数分裂;从授粉到雌配子体成熟大约需要70 d的时间;授粉后80 d合子进行第一次分裂,分裂为两个细胞,包括一个基细胞和一个顶细胞;授粉后110 d,多次分裂后顶细胞形成早期球形胚;授粉后120 d,胚细胞已填满囊腔,胚柄开始液泡化;授粉后150 d,球形胚结构稳定,胚柄已消失;授粉后180 d,胚成熟。【结论】金钗石斛为侧膜三胎座,倒生型胚珠,薄珠心,单孢子蓼型胚囊。授粉前,胚珠原基未发育,授粉后180 d,胚才能完全成熟,即形成成熟的种子。
[Purpose]The aim of this study was to research the megasporogenesis,female gametophyte development and embryo development of Dendrobium nobile,which provided relevant data for the study of plant reproductive biology of Dendrobium.[Methods]The experiment was performed by the semi thin section.[Results]The ovules were not developed before pollination;the top cell of ovule primordia was increased in volume and differentiated into archesporial cell at 30 days after pollination,the archesporial cell was differentiated megaspore mother cell with obvious nucleus at about 40 days after pollination.About 60 days after pollination,the volume of megaspore mother cell was stopped expanding and the meiosis began;it took about 70 days from pollination to female gametophyte maturation;at 80 days after pollination,the zygote was divided into two cells,including a basal cell and a apical cell;110 days after pollination,the apical cells was divided repeatedly to form an early spherical embryo;120 days after pollination,the cavity was filled by the embryo cell and the suspensor was began to vacuole;150 days after pollination,the spherical embryo structure was stable and the suspensor was disappeared;180 days after pollination,the embryo matured.[Conclusion]There were 3 parietal placentas in the ovary of Dendrobium nobile,the fruit ovule was an anatropous ovule with thick nucellus,the formation of embryo sac is polygonum type.The ovules were not developed before pollination,and the embryo was fully matured at the 180 days after pollination,which mean that the seeds matured.