文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：美洲黑杨亲本及其不同林龄及生长势子代叶片糖代谢的差异

英文题名：Differences in Leaf Sugar Metabolism of Populus deltoides Parents and their Hybrids with Different Growth Potentials and Different Forest Ages

作者：张静[1,2] 张伟溪[1,2] 丁昌俊[1,2] 褚延广[1,2] 苏晓华[1,2,5] 赵军[3] 苏雪辉[4] 苑正赛[1,2] 李政宏[1,2] 余金金[1,2] 黄秦军[1,2]

第一作者：张静

机构：[1]林木遗传育种全国重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091;[2]国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091;[3]焦作大学,焦作454000;[4]焦作市农林科学研究院,焦作454003;[5]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京210037

年份：2025

卷号：61

期号：5

起止页码：131-145

中文期刊名：林业科学

外文期刊名：Scientia Silvae Sinicae

收录：;EI(收录号：20252218511807);北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD2200301);科技创新2030-重大项目课题(2023ZD0405603);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31870662)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：美洲黑杨;淀粉代谢;蔗糖代谢;生长性状;杂种优势

外文关键词：Populus deltoides;starch metabolism;sucrose metabolism;growth traits;heterosis

分类号：S722.3

摘要：【目的】研究美洲黑杨亲本及其不同生长势F1子代在不同林龄年生长关键时期的叶片淀粉、蔗糖代谢关键指标差异,解析淀粉、蔗糖代谢在美洲黑杨生长优势形成和维持中的作用关系,为揭示淀粉和蔗糖代谢过程对林木生长杂种优势形成和维持作用以及杨树高产杂交育种提供参考。【方法】采用空间替代时间方法,以1年和3年林龄的美洲黑杨高生长势子代(H1、H2、H3)、低生长势子代(L3、L4)及其父(MP)、母(FP)本为研究对象,采用微量法测定其年生长关键时期(7、8、9月)不同时间点叶片淀粉、蔗糖含量及ADP-葡聚糖焦磷酸化酶(AGPase)、蔗糖磷酸合酶(SPS)、β-淀粉酶(BAM)和蔗糖合成酶(分解方向,SS-I)活性,通过亲子代间的各指标差异比较以及相关性、回归和通径分析,分析淀粉、蔗糖代谢关键指标对不同生长势形成的作用规律。【结果】1年生和3年生林龄高生长势子代在年生长关键期的树高、胸径等生长指标均表现出明显的超亲优势,且淀粉、蔗糖代谢关键指标的中亲或超亲优势明显。但不同林龄美洲黑杨高生长势子代促进和维持生长优势的糖代谢特征不同。其中,1年生高生长势子代表现出超亲优势的白日淀粉和蔗糖合成相关酶(AGPase和SPS)活性以及淀粉夜间消耗量,HPH分别为1.63%~13.47%,5.41%~16.03%,0.58%~4.44%,且AGPase和SPS与树高和地径生长净增量显著正相关,且正直接效应显著(P<0.05);3年生高生长势子代除日间SPS活性和蔗糖夜间消耗量为超亲优势(HPH:0.61%~14.77%,0.29%~26.05%),其他糖代谢指标均表现为正中亲优势(MPH),分别为0.42%~12.23%,0.25%~12.20%,0.76%~5.20%,糖代谢关键指标与3年生美洲黑杨生长性状间的相关性受月份变化影响,蔗糖夜间消耗量、BAM和SPS以及AGPase活性分别在7、8、9月对净生长具有决定作用。上述指标在低生长势子代中表现出相反趋势。【结论】美洲黑杨生长性状杂种优势现象在1年生、3年生稳定存在,年生长关键期美洲黑杨糖代谢相关指标特征与其生长优势的形成和维持密切相关。不同林龄美洲黑杨高生长势子代维持生长优势的糖代谢策略不同,1年生主要通过提高昼夜蔗糖和淀粉积累及运输促进生长优势形成;3年生美洲黑杨高生长势子代主要通过蔗糖积累及运输维持生长优势,且该过程受月份因素影响。
【Objective】In this study,the differences in key indicators of starch and sucrose metabolism in the leaves of Populus deltoides parents and their F1 hybrids with different growth potentials were investigated at different forest ages during critical periods of annual growth,with which the role of starch and sucrose metabolism in the formation and maintenance of growth heterosis in P.deltoides was analyzed.This study aims to provide valuable references for revealing the role of starch and sucrose metabolism in the formation and maintenance of growth heterosis in trees,as well as in high-yield hybrid breeding of poplars.【Method】With the space-for-time substitution method,the high-growth potential hybrids(H1,H2,H3)and low-growth potential hybrids(L3,L4)at 1-and 3-year-old forest,along with their male(MP)and female(FP)parents of P.deltoides were selected as the research materials.The content of starch and sucrose,as well as the activities of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase(AGPase),sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS),β-amylase(BAM),and sucrose synthase(decomposition direction,SS-I)in the leaves at different time points during critical growth periods(July,August,September)were measured using micro-methods.The differences in various indicators were compared among hybrids and parents,and the correlation and regression,as well as path analysis were conducted to elucidate the regulatory patterns of key indicators in starch and sucrose metabolism in the formation of different growth potentials.【Result】During the critical growth periods,high-growth potential hybrids at 1-year-old and 3-yearold forest exhibited significant high-parent heterosis(HPH)in growth traits such as tree height and diameter at breast height(DBH),and showed obvious mid-parent or high-parent heterosis in key indicators of starch and sucrose metabolism.However,the sugar metabolism characteristics that promote and maintain growth heterosis in high-growth potential hybrids of P.deltoides were different with different ages.Among them,1-year-old high-growth potential hybrids showed high-parent heterosis in the activity of daytime starch and sucrose synthesis related enzymes(AGPase and SPS),as well as nighttime starch consumption,with HPH values of 1.63%–13.47%,5.41%–16.03%,0.58%–4.44%,respectively.Moreover,AGPase and SPS activities were significantly positively correlated with the net increase of tree height and ground diameter(GD),with significantly positive direct effects(P<0.05).Except for daytime SPS activity and nighttime sucrose consumption,which showed high-parent heterosis(HPH:0.61%–14.77%,0.29%–26.05%),the 3-year-old high-growth potential hybrids showed mid-parent heterosis(MPH)in other sugar metabolism indicators,which were 0.42%–12.23%,0.25%–12.20%,0.76%–5.20%,respectively.There were significant correlations between key sugar metabolism indicators and growth traits of 3-year-old P.deltoides,which were influenced by the month of measurement.The nighttime sucrose consumption and BAM,SPS,and AGPase activity had a decisive role on net growth in July,August,and September,respectively.These indicators showed opposite trends in low-growth potential hybrids.【Conclusion】The heterosis phenomenon in growth traits of P.deltoides is stable at both 1-year-old and 3-year-old forest,and the characteristics of sugar metabolism-related indicators during critical growth periods are closely related to the formation and maintenance of growth heterosis.The sugar metabolism strategies for maintaining growth heterosis in high-growth potential hybrids of P.deltoides with different forest ages are different.For 1-year-old forest,growth heterosis is primarily enhanced by increasing the accumulation and transport of sucrose and starch during day and night.The 3-year-old high-growth potential hybrids maintain their growth heterosis mainly through the accumulation and transport of sucrose,with this process being influenced by the month of measurement.