文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：椽竹出笋与幼竹生长规律

英文题名：Bambusa textilis var. fasca shooting and young bamboo growth rhythm

作者：张玮[1] 林振清[2] 杨前宇[1] 陈浙勇[3] 谢锦忠[1]

第一作者：张玮

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所;[2]福建省建瓯市林业局;[3]福建省永安市林业局

年份：2015

卷号：32

期号：3

起止页码：478-482

中文期刊名：浙江农林大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Zhejiang A & F University

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD2015_2016】；

基金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(RISF6143)

语种：中文

中文关键词：森林培育学;椽竹;出笋期;幼竹高生长;幼竹抽枝长叶;耐寒

外文关键词：silviculture; Bambusa textilis vat. fasca; shooting period; height-growth rhythm of young bamboo; burgeon branches and leaves of young bamboo; cold-resistance

分类号：S795

摘要：为了科学合理地利用耐寒性较好的丛生竹种——椽竹Bambusa textilis var.fasca资源,在福建省建瓯市对椽竹的自然出笋和幼竹生长规律进行了观测分析(隔2 d观测1次),采用有序样本聚类法划分椽竹的出笋期,并用Logistic和Richards曲线模拟了椽竹幼竹高生长过程。结果表明:1椽竹的自然出笋期为5月中旬至11月上旬,其中7月中旬出笋的新竹成竹率最高(85.5%)。椽竹出笋期划分为初期(5月中旬至6月上旬)、盛期(6月中旬至9月中旬)和末期(9月下旬至11月上旬)3个时期,其中出笋盛期的笋数量占全期的80.7%,成竹率达70.7%。2较早(6-7月)出笋的新竹,高生长历期较长(最长达116 d),8月出笋的新竹秆高生长总量最大(平均达7.8 m)。椽竹幼竹高生长过程用Logistic和Richards曲线模拟效果较好,呈"慢—快—慢"的规律。36-9月出笋的新竹笋箨开始脱落的时间分别在7月下旬、8月下旬、9月上旬和10月中旬;6-7月出笋的新竹在9月下旬开始抽枝,8月出笋的新竹在10月中旬开始抽枝;在8月中旬前出笋的新竹基本当年能完成抽枝长叶,其后出笋的新竹至来年4-5月才能完成抽枝长叶过程;在出笋末期出笋的新竹由于生长期较短,新竹木质化不完全,笋箨基本不脱落,枝芽受低温抑制极少萌发,冬季极易遭受冻害而死。研究结果为椽竹林科学培育及快繁育苗奠定了基础。
To utilize Bambusa textilis var. fasca, a cold-resistance sympodial bamboo species scientifically, the natural shooting and young bamboo growth rhythm of B. textilis var. fasca in Jian＇ou, Fujian Province was observed every two days. Shooting period was determined with an ordered sample cluster analysis and heightgrowth was simulated with the Logistic and Richards models. Results showed that the natural shooting period of B. textilis var. fasca lasted from mid-May to early November, and the highest rate of adult bamboo formed was85.5% in mid-July. A three stage shooting period was noted： an initial stage（mid-May to early June）, an abundant stage（mid-June to mid-September）, and an ending stage（late September to early November）. In the abundant stage, shoot number was 80.7% of the total, and the rate of adult bamboo formed was 70.7%. The earlier the bamboo shoots emerged（June and July）, the longer their height-growth period was（116 d）; the average height of young bamboo with an August shooting period was 7.8 m. The Logistic and Richards models,simulated the slow-fast-slow law for height-growth well. The beginning culm sheath abscission time for young bamboo with shooting periods in June, July, August, and September was late July, late August, early September,and mid-October, respectively. The beginning culm branch extraction time for shooting periods in June and July was late September but for a shooting period of August was mid-October. New culms with shooting before midAugust could complete the whole process of burgeoning branches and leaves in the same year; whereas, a shooting period later than mid-August meant completion the following April to May. New culms with a shooting period in the ending stage rarely dropped sheaths or burgeoned new branches and subjected to low temperature and freezing easily in winter. This study has laid a foundation for silviculture and seedling breeding of B. textilis var. fasca