文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：柿优良砧木美洲柿的组培快繁技术研究

英文题名：Study on tissue culture and rapid propagation technology of Diospyros virginiana L.

作者：张路[1,2] 钱世江[3] 于磊[3] 白璐[1,2] 胡银凤[1,2] 张腾岳[1,2] 郑彦豪[1,2] 杨江涛[1,2] 秦亚楠[1] 孙鹏[1] 索玉静[1] 傅建敏[1]

第一作者：张路

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院经济林研究所,河南郑州450003;[2]南京林业大学风景园林学院,江苏南京210037;[3]河南省林业科学研究院,河南郑州450008

年份：2025

卷号：53

期号：12

起止页码：154-163

中文期刊名：西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)

外文期刊名：Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2200400);国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071801);中国林科院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(CAFYBB2023MB030)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：美洲柿;不定芽诱导;增殖培养;生根方法

外文关键词：D.virginiana;adventitious bud induction;proliferation culture;rooting method

分类号：S665.2

摘要：【目的】作为柿(Diospyros kaki)的优质高抗砧木,建立美洲杮(Diospyros virginiana L.)组培快繁体系,以提高育苗效率。【方法】以美洲柿优良家系种子为试验材料,以种胚培养的无菌苗最上部2~3 cm茎段为外植体,筛选增殖培养的最适基础培养基,在此基础上对增殖培养中的植物生长调节剂(ZT、6-BA、IAA)及碱性盐溶液(Na_(2)CO_(3)与NaHCO_(3)质量比为1∶1)质量浓度进行了优化试验。设计了培养基添加植物生长调节剂法和植物生长调节剂浸泡法2种生根方法,分析了不同生根方法对美洲杮组培苗生根的影响,以筛选出最佳生根方法。【结果】不同基础培养基条件下,美洲柿最大叶宽、最大节间长、增殖系数和不定芽诱导率均存在极显著性差异,其中以(1/2N)MS为基础培养基时,美洲杮组培苗的增殖系数和不定芽诱导率均最高,是增殖培养的最适基础培养基。不同质量浓度植物生长调节剂与碱性盐溶液配比对美洲柿增殖培养有明显影响。筛选出的最佳增殖培养基为(1/2N)MS+1.0 mg/L ZT+0.1 mg/L IAA+0.10 g/L碱性盐溶液+30 g/L蔗糖+7 g/L琼脂,在此培养基中培养30 d后,组培苗的最大叶宽为16.16 mm,最大节间长为8.65 mm,不定芽诱导率高达93.33%,增殖系数为3.49。培养基添加植物生长调节剂法和植物生长调节剂浸泡法2种生根方法对美洲杮组培苗的生根影响有差异,最终筛选的最优生根方法为:将组培苗在200 mg/L IBA溶液中浸泡10 min,然后接种在不含植物生长调节剂的(1/2N)MS培养基中,暗培养3 d,再转至光下培养,生根率达到90.00%,移栽后可获得健壮盆栽苗,成活率可达80%。【结论】成功建立了高效的美洲柿组培快繁技术体系,提高了育苗效率,有利于砧木高效培育,为美洲柿的基因改良奠定了基础。
【Objective】As a high-quality and high-resistance rootstock of D.kaki,a tissue culture and rapid propagation system of Diospyros virginiana L.was established to improve the seedling efficiency.【Method】The seeds of D.virginiana excellent family were used as experimental materials,and the uppermost 2-3 cm stem segments of aseptic seedlings cultured in embryo were used as explants to screen the optimal basic medium for proliferation culture.On this basis,the mass concentration of plant growth regulators(ZT,6-BA,IAA)and alkaline salt solution(mass ratio of Na_(2)CO_(3)to NaHCO_(3)was 1∶1)in proliferation culture was optimized.Two rooting methods,plant growth regulator method and plant growth regulator soaking method,were adopted to analyze the effects of different rooting methods on the rooting of D.virginiana tissue culture seedlings,so as to screen out the best rooting method.【Result】There were significant differences in the maximum leaf width,maximum internode length,proliferation coefficient and adventitious bud induction rate of D.virginiana under different basic medium conditions.Among them,when(1/2N)MS was used as the basic medium,the proliferation coefficient and adventitious bud induction rate of D.virginiana tissue culture seedlings were the highest,which was the most suitable basic medium for proliferation culture.Different mass concentrations of plant growth regulators and different ratio of alkaline salt solution had a significant effect on the proliferation culture of D.virginiana.The optimal proliferation medium was(1/2N)MS+1.0 mg/L ZT+0.1 mg/L IAA+0.10 g/L alkaline salt solution+30 g/L sucrose+7 g/L agar.After 30 days of culture in this medium,the maximum leaf width of tissue culture seedlings was 16.16 mm,the maximum internode length was 8.65 mm,the induction rate of adventitious buds was as high as 93.33%,and the proliferation coefficient was 3.49.The effects of two rooting methods,plant growth regulator method and plant growth regulator soaking method,on the rooting of D.virginiana seedlings were different.The optimal rooting method was as follows:the tissue culture seedlings were soaked in 200 mg/L IBA solution for 10 min,then inoculated in(1/2N)MS medium without plant growth regulator,subject to dark culture for 3 days,and then transferred to light culture.With the optimal rooting method,the rooting rate reached 90.00%.After transplanting,strong potted seedlings could be obtained,and the survival rate could reach 80%.【Conclusion】The efficient tissue culture and rapid propagation technology system of D.virginiana was successfully established,which improved the seedling efficiency and was conducive to the efficient cultivation of rootstocks,laying a foundation for the genetic improvement of D.virginiana.