文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：新疆迪那河流域轮台人工绿洲耕地时空变化特征分析

英文题名：Characteristics Analysis on Spatial-temporal Changes of Farmland in Luntai Artificial Oasis in Dina River Watershed of Xinjiang

作者：张谱[1] 管文轲[2] 刘洪霞[3] 张和钰[2] 李志鹏[1] 冯益明[1]

第一作者：张谱

通信作者：Feng, Yiming

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所;[2]新疆林业科学院造林治沙研究所;[3]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所

年份：2019

卷号：50

期号：5

起止页码：291-299

中文期刊名：农业机械学报

外文期刊名：Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

收录：CSTPCD;;EI(收录号：20193307311826);Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-85070531695);北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2019_2020】；

基金：国家自然科学基金项目(31770764)

语种：中文

中文关键词：新疆迪那河流域;人工绿洲;耕地;卫星遥感;时空特征;重心模型

外文关键词：Dina River Watershed of Xinjiang;artificial oasis;farmland;remote sensing;spatial-temporal characteristics;gravity center model

分类号：S289

摘要：对新疆迪那河流域轮台人工绿洲耕地进行动态监测,量化和描述26年来绿洲耕地的时空变化规律。在RS与GIS支持下,通过解译1992年8月、1998年8月、2007年9月和2018年8月4期卫星遥感影像和野外调查获取的无人机影像数据,提取迪那河流域轮台人工绿洲耕地信息,采用数理统计、动态度、转移矩阵和重心模型分析绿洲耕地26年内时空变化特征。结果表明:26年来,迪那河流域轮台人工绿洲耕地面积从1992年的8 381 hm^2增长到2018年的46 284 hm^2,耕地面积在人工绿洲总面积中所占的比例从1992年的40. 18%增长到2018年的71. 28%,耕地面积在迪那河流域总面积中所占比例从1992年的1. 61%增长到2018年的8. 91%。迪那河流域轮台人工绿洲耕地面积呈现"缓慢增加—急剧增加—缓慢增加"的变化过程。1992—1998年,绿洲耕地增加主要由政府推动的开垦政策驱动,耕地面积年均增长速率2. 28%; 1998—2007年,绿洲耕地增加受开垦政策和棉花产业发展状况两种因素共同影响,耕地面积急剧增加,年均增长速度达16. 85%; 2007—2018年,绿洲耕地增加主要受棉花产业发展状况影响,耕地面积年均增长速率为8. 46%。迪那河流域轮台人工绿洲耕地动态变化主要表现在:耕地开垦扩张面积(41 545 hm^2)远大于耕地转出面积(3 441 hm^2),绿洲外围土地的开发是轮台人工绿洲耕地扩张的最主要途径,耕地转为果园是轮台人工绿洲耕地减少的最主要途径。迪那河流域轮台人工绿洲耕地呈现向沙漠区扩张明显、向戈壁区扩张较弱的趋势。
The main purpose was to explore the spatial-temporal changes of farmland in Luntai Artificial Oasis in Dina River Watershed, aiming to provide basic data and theoretical basis for the spatial planning and management of artificial oasis in small watershed. The land use information of farmland was extracted from the remote sensing images(obtained in August 1992, August 1998, September 2007 and August 2018)and unmanned aerial vehicle data(obtained in July and August 2018 in the field survey)by means of visual interpretation supported by RS and GIS, and analyzed via mathematical statistic, dynamic degree, transfer matrix and gravity center model. Results showed that the area of farmland in Luntai Artificial Oasis was increased from 8 381 hm^2 in 1992 to 46 284 hm^2 in 2018. In 1992, totally 40.18% of artificial oasis was occupied by farmland, which was decreased to 37.04% in 1998, and then followed by a long time increase to 71.28% in 2018. In 1992, totally 1.61% of watershed area was occupied by farmland, which was increased to 8.91% in 2018. The area of farmland in Luntai Artificial Oasis was developed rapidly and experienced three stages: the stage of moderate increase(1992-1998)which was driven by reclamation policy launched by local government with annual average growth rate of 2.28%;the stage of rapid increase (1998-2007)which was influenced by both the cotton industry and reclamation policy with annual average growth rate of 16.85%;and the stage of moderate increase(2007-2018)which was only influenced by cotton industry with annual average growth rate of 8.46%. In the past 26 years, the land that was transferred into farmland(41 545 hm^2 )was far more than the land that was transferred out(3 441 hm^2 ). The land outside artificial oasis(35 179 hm^2 )was the main source supporting the extension of farmland. The land that transferred out of farmland was mainly into the forestry and fruit industry(2 671 hm^2 ). The gravity centers of farmland was gradually moved in the direction of sandy desert because the exploration and maintenance cost of sandy desert was lower than that of Gobi desert, and the cotton which was the most popular crop in Luntai Artificial Oasis had adapted to the atmosphere of the oasis-sandy desert transition zone in Dina River Watershed.