文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：延河流域产沙过程对“源”“汇”景观格局的响应

英文题名：Response of sediment process to“source”and“sink”landscape pattern in Yanhe River basin,China

作者：侯琨[1] 王秀茹[1] 王计平[2] 袁普金[3] 程复[3]

第一作者：侯琨

机构：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083;[2]中国林业科学研究院国家林业和草原局盐碱地研究中心,北京100091;[3]水利部水土保持监测中心,北京100053

年份：2022

卷号：20

期号：1

起止页码：1-8

中文期刊名：中国水土保持科学

外文期刊名：Science of Soil and Water Conservation

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2021_2022】；

基金：国家自然科学基金“基于源汇景观格局流域水土流失评价与优化调控”(41871195)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：“源”“汇”景观;景观指数;产沙过程;延河流域

外文关键词：“source”and“sink”landscape;landscape index;sediment process;Yanhe River basin

分类号：S157.1

摘要：景观格局配置模式是影响黄河流域水沙关系的重要因素之一。选取延河流域甘谷驿水文站控制断面以上区域为研究对象,研究流域尺度“源”“汇”景观格局对产沙过程的影响,探究利于流域可持续发展的景观格局。基于5期遥感影像(1985、1995、2000、2008和2015年)获取景观格局信息,在对输沙量进行趋势分析的基础上,运用皮尔逊简单相关系数、多元回归分析法建立景观格局与流域产沙过程的量化模型。结果表明:1)1969—2019年,汛期输沙量占全年比例超过97%,年及汛期平均输沙率Mann-Kendall统计量分别为-4.76和-9.03,呈极显著下降趋势;2)1999年至今,退耕还林(草)等人类活动使“汇”景观比例不断提高至91.0%;3)“源”景观的平均斑块面积和聚合度以及“汇”景观的斑块密度和平均临近指数对研究区输沙率的影响较为显著,回归模型拟合优度分别达到0.939和0.945,F检验均在0.1的水平上显著。当“源”景观的破碎化程度降低,“汇”景观的邻近度升高、连接性增强时,形成的景观格局结构利于流域尺度水文循环系统的泥沙拦蓄和调控。
[Background]The landscape pattern configuration is one of the important factors affecting the runoff-sediment relationship,especially in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.Taking the control section of Ganguyi hydrological station in Yanhe River basin as the typical study area,studying the effect of“source”and“sink”landscape pattern on sediment process at basin scale is helpful to reveal the reasonable landscape pattern which is conducive to the sustainable development of Yanhe River basin.[Methods]The landscape pattern information was obtained using software Fragstats 4.2 on the basis of 5 remote sensing images(1985,1995,2000,2008 and 2015).The sediment data measured at Ganguyi hydrological station from 1969 to 2019 were used to analyze the dynamic changes of sediment transport rate in Yanhe River basin with Mann-Kendall trend test and accumulative departure from averages.Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to establish the quantitative model between landscape pattern and sediment process.[Results]1)From 1969 to 2019,the amount of sediment transported in the study area during the flood season accounted for over 97%of the annual proportion,and the Mann-Kendall statistics of the annual and flood season average sediment transport rate were-4.76 and-9.03 respectively,showing a very significant downward trend.2)The proportion of sink landscape increased to 91.0%since 1999.Comparing the accumulative curve of annual sediment transport rate and sediment transport rate per unit precipitation away from averages,it was shown that precipitation was not the main factor causing the fluctuation variation of sediment discharge.3)Through Pearson correlation analysis,it was found that only the class level landscape index of the source and sink landscape cannot fully reflect the sediment process,and further analysis of the indicator ability of various source and sink landscape indexes was needed.Through calculation,patch density,mean patch area,proportion of like adjacency,aggregation index of various“source”landscape patch types,and patch density,mean proximity index of various sink landscape patch types can be considered as effective indicators in the sediment process.4)Through multiple regression analysis,the mean patch area and aggregation index of source landscape,the patch density and mean proximity index of sink landscape had a significant effect on the sediment transport rate,the goodness of fit reached 0.939 and 0.945,respectively,and the F test was both significant at the level of 0.1.[Conclusions]Above all,the sediment transport rate in the Yanhe River basin has shown an extremely significant downward trend,and the main reason for this trend is that human activities such as Grain for Green Project that have caused major changes in the landscape pattern in the past 50 years.When the fragmentation of the source landscape decreases,the proximity and connectivity of the sink increases,the resulting landscape pattern structure is conducive to the sediment retention and regulation of hydrological cycle system.