文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：三峡库区不同退耕还林模式水土流失特征及其影响因子

英文题名：RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND SOIL EROSION WITH DIFFERENT PATTERNS OF RETURNING FARMLAND TO FOREST IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA

作者：曾立雄[1] 肖文发[1] 黄志霖[1] 雷静品[2] 王鹏程[3] 谭本旺[4]

第一作者：曾立雄

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室;[2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所;[3]华中农业大学园艺林学学院;[4]秭归县林业局

年份：2014

卷号：23

期号：1

起止页码：146-152

中文期刊名：长江流域资源与环境

外文期刊名：Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

收录：CSTPCD;;国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2011】；CSSCI:【CSSCI2014_2016】；CSCD:【CSCD2013_2014】；

基金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD38B04);长江三峡库区(秭归)森林生态定位站

语种：中文

中文关键词：三峡库区;兰陵溪小流域;降雨;水土流失

外文关键词：the Three Gorges Reservoir Area; Lanlingxi watershed; precipitation; soil erosion

分类号：S715.3

摘要：三峡库区为国家水土保持重点防治区，土地利用／覆盖变化（LUCC）与水土流失的关系已成为水土流失治理研究的关注重点之一，退耕还林工程的水土保持效益对于库区生态环境的建设具有重要意义。通过对库区典型退耕还林模式的水土流失的监测，分析其不同降雨条件下水土流失特征及影响因子，结果标明：（1）退耕还林后库区的水土流失问题得到了有效控制，退耕还林后各土地利用类型的年地表径流量下降了70％～95％，泥沙流失量则比农田降低了97％以上，其中乔木林和竹林对水土保持的效果最为理想；（2）退耕还林后各土地利用类型年地表径流量与降雨量呈较好的指数关系，随着降雨量的增加而增加。除农田和板栗林外，各土地利用类型年地表径流量与雨强关系不显著；（3）泥沙流失量与降雨量和降雨强度的关系均不显著；（4）各土地利用类型地表径流的80％以上，泥沙流失量的95％以上都是发生在暴雨条件下，暴雨事件成为库区水土流失的主要气候影响因素；（5）凋落物层盖度是控制退耕还林各模式地表径流的主要因素，各土地利用类型的年地表径流量均随着凋落物层盖度的增加而显著降低。
The Three Gorges Reservoir Area was a national key water and soil conservation area in China, and the relationship between land use/cover change （LUCC） and soil erosion was a focus in the field of soil erosion control research. The benefit of water and soil conservation for Returning Farmland to Forest Project is important to ensure the security in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.Based on the monitoring of soil erosion with different patterns of returning farmland to forest in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the different characteristics of soil erosion under rainfall conditions and influencing factors were analyzed.The results indicated that： （1） soil erosion in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area had been effectively controlled by returning farmland to forest. After returning farmland to forest, surface runoff decreased by 70% to 95% ,sediment loss was reduced by 97% or more, with different patterns of returning farmland to forest. And the forest and bamboo forest showed the best effect of soil and water conservation.（2） Annual surface runoff with different patterns of returning farmland to forest was related to the rainfall with an exponential relationship, and it increased with increasing rainfall. Surface runoff with different land use type was not significantly related rainfall intensity,except farmland and chestnut forest.（3） Sediment with different land use type was not significantly related with rainfall and rainfall intensity. （4） Eighty percent of surface runoff,95% of sediment loss with different land use types occurred in the storms,and storm event had been the major factor influencing soil erosion with the different patterns of returning farmland to forest in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. （5） Litter cover was a key factor controlling surface runoff, annual surface runoff with the different land use types decreased significantly with increasing the litter cover in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.