文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：森林·蒸散·气候·沙漠——试论中国森林变迁对沙漠演替的影响

英文题名：Forest, Evapotranspiration, Climate and Desert: Effects on Desertification since the Change of Forests in China

作者：樊宝敏[1] 李智勇[1]

第一作者：樊宝敏

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所

年份：2005

卷号：41

期号：2

起止页码：154-159

中文期刊名：林业科学

外文期刊名：Scientia Silvae Sinicae

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2004】；CSCD:【CSCD2011_2012】；

基金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目 ( 2 0 0 3 0 3 42 2 7)

语种：中文

中文关键词：森林变迁;演替;陆地生态系统;森林覆盖率;平均降水量;大面积培育;研究成果;综合研究;内在关系;中国森林;人为活动;中国北部;4000;年蒸散量;沙漠化;生态学;气候学;沙漠学;干旱化;宜林地

外文关键词：change of forest; evapotranspiration; precipitation; desertification; Cloud Origin Forests

分类号：S7-092;P618.130.2

摘要：以森林历史、生态学、气候学、沙漠学研究成果为基础 ,综合研究森林、蒸散、气候、沙漠之间的关系。结果表明 :森林、蒸散、气候、沙漠四者之间有着紧密的内在关系。因人为活动造成的中国森林的大面积减少 ,首先引起陆相蒸散量的降低 ,进而使中国北部气候逐渐趋于干旱化 ,最终表现为沙漠的扩张。 4 0 0 0年间 ,我国森林覆盖率由 6 0 %减至 12 .5 % ,作为主要原因使全国总年蒸散量减少 14 6mm ,全国平均降水量减少约 2 0 0mm ,沙漠化面积由占国土的 10 %扩大到 17.6 %。森林与沙漠是构成陆地生态系统的两极 ,是此消彼长的关系 ,连通两者联系的中介是水。中国从根本上防治沙漠化的途径是在“东南半壁”宜林地区大面积培育以提高蒸散为目的的“云根林”
Based on the achievements of forest history, ecology, climatology and desertology, the relationships of forest, evapotranspiration, climate and desert were studied. The results showed that: the four things have close interrelations. The decrease of Chinese forests in large area owing to the activity of the mankind leads to the reduction of land evapotranspiration first. It makes the climate in North China getting to dry gradually then. As an end result, desert enlarges rapidly. In the past 4 000 years, forest coverage decreased from 60% to 12.5%. It as a main reason caused great reductions of both the total evapotranspiration for 146?mm·a -1 and the mean annual precipitation for 200?mm, as well as enlargement of desert percentage taking territory from 10% to 17.6%. Forest and desert compose the two poles of land ecosystem. Their relations are one decrease at the same time another increase. The medium is water that links the two poles. The essential method to prevent and control the desertification in North China is to breed forests, named 'Cloud Origin Forests', in the southeast half part of China fitting for forests.