文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：杜仲分子育种研究进展

英文题名：Advances in the molecular breeding of Eucommia ulmoides

作者：杜红岩[1,2,3]

第一作者：杜红岩

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院经济林研究所,河南郑州450003;[2]经济林种质创新与利用国家林业和草原局重点实验室,河南郑州450003;[3]国家林业草原杜仲工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450003

年份：2022

卷号：42

期号：12

起止页码：1-12

中文期刊名：中南林业科技大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2021_2022】；

基金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0601302,2017YFD0600702)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：杜仲;基因组;遗传图谱;生物育种;分子育种

外文关键词：Eucommia ulmoides;genome;genetic map;biological breeding;molecular breeding

分类号：S792.39;S567.19

摘要：杜仲是重要的国家战略资源树种之一。提高育种自主创新能力、培育有核心竞争力和革命性的杜仲良种是“育—繁—推一体化”协同发展以及加大杜仲产业化力度的基础。构建杜仲现代分子育种体系对提高育种的精准性与高效性、推动良种更新换代和育种产业化具有重要意义。RAPD、SSR、ISSR以及AFLP等分子标记技术的应用,开启了杜仲分子标记辅助育种的篇章,为杜仲种质资源鉴定、评价以及核心种质库构建和早期鉴定等提供了依据。高密度遗传连锁图谱的构建和完善,鉴定出大量与生长发育、活性成分相关的QTLs,对功能基因发掘、关键性状的定位和改良等具有重要意义。高质量全基因组图谱的绘制,揭示了杜仲起源与进化、系统发育及环境适应的分子基础,发掘了一批调控杜仲胶、活性成分以及响应环境胁迫等的功能基因,推动着杜仲分子育种进入新阶段。初步建立的杜仲本体遗传转化体系,为杜仲基因功能研究、分子设计育种开辟出新途径。未来杜仲分子育种应开发更多与产量、品质、抗性等紧密连锁的分子标记,精准发掘具有重要意义和应用前景的关键功能基因,突破全基因组选择、基因编辑等高精尖育种技术,构建杜仲生物育种技术产业化体系,实现对现有良种的遗传改良和突破性良种培育,引领杜仲产业高质量发展。
Eucommia ulmoides is one of the important tree species of national strategic resources.The improvement of independent innovation ability in breeding and cultivating the E.ulmoides varieties with core competitiveness and novelties is fundamental for the synergistic development of“Integration of Breeding-Propagation-Promotion”and enhancement in E.ulmoides industrialization.The construction of a modern molecular breeding system for E.ulmoides is of great significance to improve the accuracy and efficiency of breeding,and to promote the renewal of elite varieties and breeding industrialization.The application of molecular marker technologies including RAPD,SSR,ISSR and AFLP etc.has opened a chapter of the molecular marker-assisted breeding of E.ulmoides,and it provided a basis for the germplasm identification,evaluation,core germplasm library construction and early identification of the germplasm resources.A large number of identified QTLs related to growth,development and active ingredients,which benefited from the construction and improvement of high-density genetic linkage maps,are of fatal importance for the functional gene discovery,localization and improvement of key traits.The high-quality genome mapping has revealed the molecular basis for the origin,evolution,phylogeny and environmental adaptation of E.ulmoides,and uncovered a number of key functional genes regulating the rubber and active ingredients of E.ulmoides and its responses to environmental stresses,which promoted a new stage of molecular breeding in E.ulmoides.The preliminary establishment of the genetic transformation system of E.ulmoides sets up a new approach for the research of gene functions and molecular breeding.For future molecular breeding of E.ulmoides,more molecular markers closely linked to yield,quality and resistance are urgently needed to be developed.The key functional genes with significant and promising applications need to be precisely excavated.The breakthrough of highly sophisticated breeding technologies such as whole genome selection and gene editing will lead to the construction of the biological breeding industrialized system of E.ulmoides,implementation of breakthrough breeding of existing main varieties,and the high-quality development of E.ulmoides industrialization.