文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：林草发明专利转化现状与影响因素分析——基于部分林业高校和科研机构的专利数据

英文题名：Analysis of the Current Status and Influencing Factors of the Commercialization of Forestry and Grassland Invention Patents:A Case Study of Some Forestry Universities and Research Institutions

作者：李博[1] 马文君[1] 王姣姣[1]

第一作者：李博

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所,北京100091

年份：2025

卷号：5

期号：1

起止页码：12-19

中文期刊名：林草政策研究

外文期刊名：Journal of forestry and grassland policy

基金：国家林业和草原局零余额项目“林业植物新品种与专利保护应用”;中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金“全球林木种业竞争格局与发展态势分析”(CAFYBB2024MC006)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：专利转化;科技成果转化;随机森林算法;特征指标

外文关键词：patent commercialization;scientific and technological achievement commercialization;random forest algorithm;characteristic indicator

分类号：G306

摘要：林业和草原是生态文明建设的重要阵地,其科技成果转化效能直接影响着林草业创新发展水平。文中以部分林业高校和科研机构为例,从专利转化率、技术领域、转化路径等维度分析了林草领域专利转化现状,采用随机森林算法识别影响转化的特征指标。研究结果显示:1)林草领域专利整体转化率为14.56%,其中发明专利转化率仅为8.74%,显著低于全国平均水平;2)从技术分布看,转化专利主要集中在生物技术、材料科学、检测技术和木材加工4个领域;3)从转化路径看,企业是主要的专利受让主体;4)专利转化影响因素分析显示,维持时间、专利剩余寿命和首权字数是影响转化的关键因素。在此基础上,从创新主体角度提出了4点建议:1)构建细分技术领域的专利转化特征识别模型,揭示不同技术类别的差异化影响因素;2)林草高校及科研机构应严格把控专利质量并建立考核激励机制;3)相关企业需建立专利价值评估体系并加强产学研联合运营;4)管理部门应建设智能专利系统并优化转化支持政策。研究可为促进林草领域科技成果转化提供一定的理论依据和实践参考。
The forestry and grassland sector is an important domain of ecological civilization development,and the efficiency of its scientific and technological achievement commercialization can directly affect the innovative development level of forestry and grassland.This study analyzes the current status of patent commercialization in China's forestry and grassland sector from multiple dimensions including patent commercialization rate,technological fields,and pathways to commercialization.By using the random forest algorithm,key characteristic indicators affecting patent commercialization are identified.The results show:1)The overall patent commercialization rate in this sector is 14.56%,with the invention patent commercialization rate of only 8.74%,significantly lower than the national average;2)In terms of technologies,commercialized patents are mainly concentrated in four fields,namely,biotechnology,materials science,detection technology,and wood processing;3)Enterprises are the primary patent recipients in terms of patent commercialization pathways;and 4)The analysis of the factors influencing patent commercialization shows that maintenance duration,remaining patent lifespan,and word count of the first claim are identified as critical factors influencing patent commercialization.From the perspective of innovation entities,targeted policy recommendations are proposed:1)Constructing the patent commercialization characteristics identification model for the categorized fields to reveal the factors influencing the differentiation of various technology categories;2)Universities and research institutions should control in a strict way patent quality and establish an inspection and incentive mechanism;3)Enterprises need to establish a patent valuation system and enhance the joint production-learning-research operation and management;4)Administrative authorities should set up the smart patent system and optimize the patent commercialization support policies.The study would provide both theoretical foundation and practical references for promoting the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements in the forestry and grassland sector.