文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：京津风沙源地表沙尘释放及其区域分异

英文题名：Dust emissions in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source and their regional differentiation

作者：程宏[1,2,3] 蒋宁[3] 张恺笛[1,3] 吴波[4] 邹学勇[1,2,3] 赵晓萌[3]

第一作者：程宏

通信作者：Cheng, H[1];Cheng, H[2];Cheng, H[3]

机构：[1]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875;[2]北京师范大学防沙治沙教育部工程研究中心,北京100875;[3]北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京100875;[4]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,北京100091

年份：2023

卷号：68

期号：11

起止页码：1356-1366

中文期刊名：科学通报

外文期刊名：Chinese Science Bulletin

收录：CSTPCD;;EI(收录号：20231814045813);Scopus;WOS:【ESCI(收录号:WOS:000975776900008)】；北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2023_2024】；

基金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0500806);国家自然科学基金(42171003);地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室自主课题(2022-ZD-01)资助。

语种：中文

中文关键词：地表沙尘释放;区域分异;京津风沙源;土地利用

外文关键词：dust emission;regional differentiation;Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source;land use

分类号：P931.3;X171.4

摘要：土壤风蚀引起的地表沙尘释放及其输移过程,是干旱半干旱区最为重要的地表过程之一.准确估算地表沙尘释放是揭示沙尘暴发生机制、阐明地表沙尘释放与陆地生态系统耦合作用的基础,也是制定防沙治沙和大气环境治理规划和决策的依据.基于野外调查、表层土壤采集及其室内实验、遥感影像以及气象站观测资料,估算了4个不同时期4个粒径组地表沙尘释放,揭示了京津风沙源地表沙尘释放的时空分布及其对粒径的响应,明确了京津风沙源不同区域和土地利用地表沙尘释放的贡献.在此基础上,从控制地表沙尘释放及其对区域大气环境中可吸入颗粒物影响的角度,提出京津风沙源治理的重点区域是农牧交错带、燕山丘陵、荒漠草原、晋北山地丘陵,治理的土地利用核心是耕地,而不是沙地,为京津风沙源治理工程的优化布局提供科学依据.
Dust emissions caused by soil wind erosion are the primary natural source of inhalable particulate matter in dust source areas and downwind atmospheric environments.Accurate estimations of dust emissions are foundational for understanding the mechanism of sandstorm occurrences and their transport processes.They are also the basis on which planning and decision-making for sand control and atmospheric environment governance are made.Based on field surveys,surface soil collections,laboratory experiments,remote sensing images,meteorological data,and model simulation,this paper estimated the amount of dust emissions for four different particle size groups(0–2.5,2.5–5,5–10,10–20μm)in four different periods(2000,2005,2010,2015),revealed the temporal and spatial distributions of dust emissions from Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources and their responses to particle size changes,and clarified the contributions to dust emissions by different land uses.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Due to climate change,the amount of dust emissions in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source has fluctuated since the implementation of the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project.In 2000,2005,2010 and 2015,dust emissions were 3.24×10^(7),2.76×10^(7),3.44×10^(7),and 3.26×10^(7) t,respectively.These emissions demonstrated a clear pattern throughout the year.From January to April,they increased monthly,peaked in April,decreased throughout May,maintained the lowest yearly value from June to September,and increased again in November.These results indicate that dust emissions in Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources have obvious seasonal characteristics.The emission amounts descended in the following order:spring,winter,autumn and summer.Their average proportions were 45.45%,28.14%,15.99%and 10.42%,respectively.(2)The three subareas,such as the agricultural and animal husbandry interlaced belt subarea,the desert steppe,and the northern Shanxi mountain hills subarea,were the main source of dust emission in Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources,accounting for 55.29%of the total amount.The total amount of dust emissions for the above three subareas was 2.64 times those of the four deserts or sandy land in Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources,which included the Kubuqi Desert,the Mu Us Sandy Land,the Hunshandake Sandy Land and the Horqin Sandy Land.(3)Although the proportion of cultivated land in Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources was only between 13.89%and 14.81%,dust emissions from cultivated land accounted for 71.56%of the total emissions in Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources.The corresponding proportions for deserts(or sandy land)and other vegetation surface covers(such as grassland,shrubland,etc.)were 19.78%and 8.66%,respectively.(4)In order to control both dust emissions in Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources and their impacts on atmospheric inhalable particulate matter,especially in the Beijing-Tianjin area,this paper showed that the key areas are the agriculture and animal husbandry interlaced belt subarea,the Yanshan Hills Water Source Reserve subarea,the desert steppe,and the northern Shanxi mountain hills subarea,and the core of land use in governance is cultivated land,not sandy land.The results in this paper would provide basic data for accurately assessing the benefits of the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project and also present a scientific basis for its optimal layout.