文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：春季不同天气城市街头绿地内PM_(2.5)质量浓度分布特征研究

英文题名：Distribution characteristics of PM_(2.5) concentration in different weather conditions in city street greenbelt in spring.

作者：王晓磊[1] 王成[1] 古琳[1] 王茜[1] 王艳英[1]

第一作者：王晓磊

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,国家林业局城市森林研究中心,国家林业局森林培育重点实验室

年份：2014

卷号：23

期号：6

起止页码：972-978

中文期刊名：生态环境学报

外文期刊名：Ecology and Environmental Sciences

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2011】；CSCD:【CSCD2013_2014】；

基金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项经费(201304301-05)

语种：中文

中文关键词：PM2.5;水平分布;净化效应;典型天气;街头绿地

外文关键词：PM2.5 concentration; horizontal distribution; purifying effects; typical weather condition; street greenbelt

分类号：S725.1

摘要：于2012年春季,采用水平分布监测法监测了3种天气下距交通污染源不同距离的街头绿地中的PM2.5质量浓度,研究了不同天气下PM2.5的日变化、水平分布规律及绿地对PM2.5的净化效应,为城市街头绿地、城市公园建设及市民合理选择休闲锻炼时间和地点提供理论依据。结果表明：1）晴天和多云时,PM2.5质量浓度上午高于下午,7：00浓度最高,15：00最低;雨后阴天基本保持上升趋势。2）PM2.5日均质量浓度为晴天（61.67μg·m-3）〈多云（187.98μg·m-3）〈雨后阴天（291.48μg·m-3）。晴天除5：00和7：00外,其他时刻均达到国家二级标准,且13：00—15：00达到国家一类功能区空气质量要求;多云和雨后阴天PM2.5质量浓度分别超过国家二级浓度限值150.6%和288.6%。3）观测时段内,无论哪种天气,5：00、7：00、11：00和15：00绿地的净化功能较强,19：00净化功能均最差,所有监测点无一例外的表现为负效应。4）3种天气下,PM2.5质量浓度在距离道路10~25 m最高,绿地的净化效应最差,55 m外基本可以形成稳定的森林内环境。5）在南方高湿环境下,空气相对湿度是影响PM2.5质量浓度的主要因素,晴天和多云天气PM2.5浓度与相对湿度呈显著正相关,而雨后阴天二者呈负相关关系。6）在一定阈值内,街头绿地能够缓解PM2.5污染,为居民提供良好的休闲环境。从游憩时间来看,市民可以选择晴天进入街头绿地休闲,多云和雨后阴天尽量减少外出;从活动最佳地段来看,距离污染源55 m以上适宜休闲锻炼;从街头绿地的规划面积来看,半径以不小于55 m为宜。
As one part of urban forests, the street greenbelt not only provides a relatively clean recreation space for residents in the city under the polluted environment, but also plays an important role in purifying the pollution of PM2.5. In this paper, diurnal variation, horizontal distribution of PM2.5 and purifying effects was observed using horizontal profiling method under different weather conditions in the street greenbelt in spring in order to provide theoretical basis for the construction of urban green street, city park and the reasonable choice of leisure time and place for public to exercise. The results showed that： 1） It presented a parallel diurnal variation of PM2.5 concentration in sunny and cloudy which was higher in morning than in afternoon with one peak at 7：00 and one valley at 15：00, an increasing trend over time in overcast. 2） Concentration of PM2.5 was in the order of sunny （61.67 μg·m-^3） 〈cloudy （187.98μg·m-^3）〈 overcast （291.48μg·m-^3）. Concentration of PM2.5 in all hours （excluding 5：00 and 7：00） and daily mean reached the national secondary standard in sunny day, even in 13：00--15：00 reached the national standard, while it was exceeded for 150.6% in cloudy and 289.6% in overcast day. 3） Within the observation period, no matter what the weather, the purification was powerful in 5：00, 7：00, 11：00 and 15：00, while worst in 19：00 all showed negative effects. 4） There was a peak between 10 m to 25 m away from the road with poor purifying effects while 55 m away from vehicle pollution could form a stable environment within the forest. 5） In the southern humidity environment, air relative humidity was the main factor affecting the concentration of PM2.5. It showed a significant positive correlation between PM2.5 concentration and relative humidity under sunny and cloudy while negative correlation in overcast day. 6） According to the analysis above, street greenbelt alleviated PM2.5 pollution and provided with good leisure environment for residents within a certain threshold. Sunny day all day （except 5：0ff--7：00） in 55 m away from vehicle pollution was suitable for recreation whereas cloudy and overcast day was unsuited in street greenbelt space for exercise. From the perspective of the planning area, the radius of street greenbelt should no less than 55 m.