文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：落叶松种间及其杂种生长与形质性状评价研究

英文题名：Evaluation on Growth and Stem Form Characteristics of Species and Hybrids of Larix spp.

作者：陈东升[1] 孙晓梅[1] 张守攻[1]

第一作者：陈东升

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,国家林业局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091

年份：2016

卷号：29

期号：1

起止页码：10-16

中文期刊名：林业科学研究

外文期刊名：Forest Research

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD2015_2016】；

基金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题“北方针叶树种高世代育种技术研究与示范(2012BAD01B01)”;国家自然基金青年项目(31300536)共同资助

语种：中文

中文关键词：落叶松;种和杂种;生长性状;形质性状;综合评价

外文关键词：Larix spp; species and hybrids; growth characteristics; stem form characteristics; comprehensive evaluation

分类号：S791.22

摘要：[目的]通过对落叶松种间及其杂种生长与形质性状评价来定向选育优良落叶松建筑材。[方法]以辽宁省大孤家林场32年生的落叶松试验林为实验材料,对落叶松属日本、兴安、长白及华北4个落叶松种,及以日本落叶松为母本的日本×兴安、日本×华北、日本×长白、日本×日本杂种的生长和形质性状进行变异规律分析,并采用模糊数学隶属函数对其差异显著指标进行综合评价。[结果]表明:落叶松种和杂种间生长差异显著(p<0.01),杂种胸径、树高和材积总生长量与母本差异不显著,却显著高于相应父本;杂种之间的生长差异体现在林分的前10年,随着林龄的增大优势逐渐减退;树冠特征因子中的枝下高、冠长、枝条直径、长度、角度和干形特征因子中的高径比、树干圆满度、节子直径、长度、角度在落叶松种和杂种间差异显著。基于上述指标进行了生长和形质性状综合评价,排名前三位的分别为日本×兴安、日本×长白和日本落叶松。32年生时日本×兴安的胸径、树高和材积分别为18.69cm、21.62 m和0.339 2 m3;日本×长白的为18.44 cm、23.85 m和0.339 6 m3;日本落叶松的为19.36 cm、21.31 m和0.335 7 m3;而且它们在适应性上也具有明显优势。[结论]日本×兴安、日本×长白和日本落叶松适合作为定向培育建筑材的优良品种在东北地区重点推广。
The aim of this study is to breed excellent larch timber as building material by evaluating the growth and stem form characteristics of larch species and their hybrids. This study was carried out in a 32-year-old larch experimental forest in Qingyuan County,Liaoning Province. The growth and stem form characteristics of 4 larch species（ Larix kaempferi Carr,L. gmelinii Kuzen,L. olgensis Henry and L. principis-rupprechtii Mayr） and 4 hybrids（ L.kaempferi Carr × L. gmelinii Kuzen,L. kaempferi Carr × L. principis-rupprechtii Mayr,L. kaempferi Carr × L.olgensis Henry,and L. kaempferi Carr × L. kaempferi Carr）,were analyzed and the differences was evaluated comprehensively using the membership function based on Fuzzy mathematics. The results showed that the growth properties of larch species and hybrids had significantly differences（ p 0. 01）,there were no significant differences between the larch hybrids and their female parent in the increments of diameter of breast height（ DBH）,tree height,and volume,but between the hybrids and their male parent. The difference in the growth of larch hybrids embodied in the initial 10 years after planting,and the advantage gradually decreased with the stand age increasing.The height under branch,crown length,branch diameter,length,angle in crown characteristic factor and ratio of height to diameter,stem fullness,knot diameter,length,angle in stem characteristic factor had significantly differences among larch species and hybrids. The comprehensive evaluation based on the growth and stem form properties indicated that L. kaempferi × L. gmelinii,L. kaempferi × L. olgensis,and L. kaempferi were respectively ranked the first three. They had the obvious advantage in growth and stem form characteristics,were suitable to be promoted as good varieties in the northeast area of China.