文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：杉木采穗圃的树体管理和插条选择

英文题名：Cultivation of Young stock Plants and Selection of Cuttings in Chinese Fir Scion-plucking Garden

作者：陈益泰[1] 何贵平[1] 封建文[1] 蔡宏明[1] 张新法[1] 杨铭德[1]

第一作者：陈益泰

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,福建省邵武市林业委员会

年份：1995

卷号：8

期号：6

起止页码：611-618

中文期刊名：林业科学研究

外文期刊名：ROREST RESEARCH

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心1992】；CSCD:【CSCD2011_2012】；

基金：国家造林项目

语种：中文

中文关键词：杉木;采穗圃;树体管理;抽条选择

外文关键词：cutting collecting garden of Chinese fir,cultivation of young stock plants,selection of cuttings, position effect

分类号：S791.270.5

摘要：杉木采穗圃建立初期，树体管理方式对单株产条量有显著影响。在１２种不同处理中，生长季节（８月）进行压干和生长初期（４月）进行截顶两种处理的效果最好，有效产条量为１７～１８根／株，总产条量为４７～５１根／株，４月和８月进行全截干处理，产条极少，甚至引起植株死亡。单株产条量的高低顺序是：压干≈截顶＞埋干＞半截干＞全截干。树体管理的关键在于维持足够的树冠营养面积和及时抑制主干高生长优势。对两种采穗圃连续３ａ观测表明，栽植密度为１．６６万株／ｈｍ２的压干式采穗圃的产条量，超过密度为２．６６万株／ｈｍ２的换干式采穗圃产条量的４０％～５０％。但压干式采穗圃适宜稀植，而换干式采穗圃可实行高密度圃地栽培，从而实现早期丰产。两者各具优点，可因地制宜地选用。在采穗圃中采集树干基部２０ｃｍ以下部位、带有顶芽、长度１０ｃｍ左右、粗细均匀和较为粗壮的穗条，用于扦插育苗，能够显著提高苗木生长量、整齐度和成活率。
In the first year after one-year-old superior seedlings were planted in Chinesefir cutting collecting garden,a trial involved in 12 treatments(5 ways×2 or 3 seasons)tostimulate sprouts at the bottom of the stocks was established. The numbers of both totalsprouts and available cuttings per tree in the spring of the following year varied significantlyamong the treatments. MSA(make stem with an angle of 20～30°against ground)>CST(cutoff stem top)>CMS(cover up middle of stem with earth)>CHS(cut off half stem)>CSG(cut off stem at ground level). MSA and CST were carried out separately in August and inApril,and the best results obtained.The worst were found in CSG in both April and August,but the CSG in December was better than the former′s both. Though it is really important tomaintain enough canopy but to timely limit its terminal growth in the young stock′s manage-ment.The numbers of available cuttings per ha of both the MSA with spacing of 0.5 m×0.8m,and the CSG with 0.5m ×0.5 m were observed for three years. The result showed thatthe cutting yield of MSA was 40%～50%higher than that of the CSG. Howerver,thining ofstock plants should be done in the fourth year after planting for the MSA garden. But theCSG was suitable for dense planting,where the higher numbers of cutting could be obtainedin early stage. Some experiment indicated that position and size of cutting materials showedsignificant influence on height growth,uniformity,and survival of rooted cuttings. It is sug-gested that stout cuttings of 10 cm long,with a well developed terminal bud should be col-lected from the lower part of a stem,20 cm above ground.