文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：若尔盖高寒湿地土壤细菌群落和生态网络对围封禁牧与恢复放牧的响应

英文题名：Response of soil bacterial communities and ecological networks to grazing enclosure and re?grazing in Zoige Alpine wetland

作者：叶董[1] 王瑞[1] 王京[1] 言迫[2] 卓玛姐[2] 刘丹[1] 林英华[1]

第一作者：叶董

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091;[2]四川若尔盖湿地国家级自然保护区管理局,阿坝藏族羌族自治州624599

年份：2024

卷号：44

期号：24

起止页码：11229-11240

中文期刊名：生态学报

外文期刊名：Acta Ecologica Sinica

收录：CSTPCD;;国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；CSCD:【CSCD2023_2024】；

基金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504802)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：高寒沼泽化草甸;围封禁牧;环境因子;土壤细菌群落

外文关键词：alpine swamp meadow;grazing exclusion;environmental factors;soil bacterial community

分类号：X171;S154.3

摘要：研究围封禁牧、恢复放牧与持续放牧对若尔盖高寒湿地土壤细菌群落影响,有助于揭示自然恢复过程中高寒湿地土壤微生物群落变化规律。选取若尔盖湿地国家级自然保护区围封禁牧3年(NG3)、5年(NG5)和解禁后第1年(RG)的样地,以持续放牧干扰(G)为对照,分析围封禁牧与恢复放牧对土壤细菌群落组成、多样性与生态网络特征的影响。研究结果显示,围封禁牧和恢复放牧均显著改变了土壤细菌群落全部类群(WT)、丰富类群(AT)和稀有类群(RT)的α多样性,且NG3土壤细菌多样性最丰富,但NG5、RG与G之间土壤细菌多样性差异不显著(P>0.05)。土壤细菌群落以放线菌门(Actinobacteriota,27.06%)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria,18.74%)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota,17.62%)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi,10.18%)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,5.02%)为研究区域优势菌门,除了变形菌门,其他菌门在围封禁牧与恢复放牧过程中丰度发生显著变化(P<0.05)。围封禁牧显著改变了土壤细菌群落组成,但NG5和RG之间仅AT存在显著差异性(P<0.05),表明AT对恢复放牧更加敏感。共现网络分析发现,围封禁牧增加了共现网络的复杂度和模块化指数,表明禁牧提高了土壤细菌群落的稳定性;禁牧增加了共现网络中与RT相连边的比例,并且网络关键节点中以RT为主,表明禁牧使土壤细菌群落形成了以RT为主的互作模式。Mental检验结果显示,土壤有机质、土壤全氮和土壤含水量与土壤细菌WT、AT和和RT的组成存在显著相关性(P<0.05)。研究表明围封禁牧有利于土壤细菌群落的稳定;丰富细菌类群群落结构对围封禁牧和放牧的敏感性,可作为放牧的生物指示指标;围封禁牧以及恢复放牧主要通过土壤理化性质对土壤细菌群落产生影响。
The Zoige alpine wetland is facing a serious degradation problem,and soil bacteria play an important role in the ecological restoration process.Investigating the effects of grazing exclusion,re?grazing and continuous grazing on soil bacterial community in the Zoige alpine wetland can be helpful in revealing the patterns of soil microbial community changes of alpine wetland during natural restoration processes.In this study,sample plots that had been enclosed against grazing for 3 years(3?year non?grazing,NG3),5 years(5?year non?grazing,NG5),1 year after reopening(re?grazing,RG),and continuous grazing disturbance(grazing,G)as the control were selected within the Zoige Wetland National Nature Reserve.The effects of grazing exclusion and re?grazing on soil bacterial community composition,diversity and ecological networkcharacteristics were analyzed.The results showed that grazing exclusion and re?grazing significantly altered theαdiversity ofwhole taxa(WT),abundant taxa(AT)and rare taxa(RT),and NG3 had the highest soil bacterial diversity,but therewas no significant difference in theαdiversity between G,NG5,and RG(P>0.05).Actinobacteriota(27.06%),Proteobacteria(18.74%),Acidobacteriota(17.62%),Chloroflexi(10.18%)and Firmicutes(5.02%)were identified asthe dominant phyla within the soil bacterial community,and the abundance of the dominant bacteria changed significantlyduring the process of grazing exclusion and re?grazing except Proteobacteria(P<0.05).Grazing exclusion significantlyaltered the composition of soil bacterial communities but NG5 and RG only showed significant differences in AT(P<0.05),indicating that the composition of AT was more sensitive to re?grazing.Co?occurrence network analysis results showed thatnon?grazing increased the complexity,and modularity index,suggesting that non?grazing improved the stability of soilbacterial community.Grazing exclusion increased the proportion of edges connected to RT,and RT was the main componentgroup of key nodes in the co?occurrence network,indicating that exclusion has led to a predominance of interaction patternscentered around RT in the soil bacterial community.Mental tests showed that soil organic matter,total nitrogen and moisturecontent were significantly correlated with the composition of WT,AT and RT(P<0.05).The research showed that grazingexclusion was beneficial to the stability of soil bacterial community by increasing the diversity of soil bacteria and changingthe relationship between species.The sensitivity of the structure of abundant bacterial taxa to exclusion and grazing can beused as a biological indicator of grazing.Grazing exclusion and re?grazing may influence soil bacterial community structurethrough changes in physical and chemical properties of soil.