文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：人类干扰进入大熊猫栖息地的路径与影响——以秦岭大熊猫栖息地内穿孔为例

英文题名：The Path and Influence of Human Interference into Giant Panda Habitat:A Case Study of the Perforations of Giant Panda Habitat in Qinling Mountains

作者：杨志娇[1,2] 杨淳[1,2] 杨思萌[1,2] 李长财[1,2] 李薪雨[1,2] 文菀玉[1,2] 王宇航[1,2] 张希明[3] 朱大鹏[4] 朱代博[5] 刘刚[1,2] 龚明昊[1,2]

第一作者：杨志娇

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院湿地研究所,北京100091;[2]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091;[3]陕西长青国家级自然保护区管理局,汉中723099;[4]陕西佛坪国家级自然保护区管理局,汉中723499;[5]陕西周至国家级自然保护区管理局,西安710499

年份：2024

卷号：4

期号：4

起止页码：1-9

中文期刊名：陆地生态系统与保护学报

外文期刊名：Terrestrial Ecosystem and Conservation

基金：国家自然科学基金项目(31971430)

语种：中文

中文关键词：栖息地破碎化;人类干扰;秦岭;大熊猫

外文关键词：habitat fragmentation;human interference;Qinling Mountains;giant panda

分类号：Q958.1

摘要：【目的】在秦岭大熊猫栖息地,分析穿孔干扰源进入栖息地的特征、周边景观产生的影响以及大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)空间利用对人类干扰的响应。【方法】基于最优觅食理论,假设人类干扰沿坡度较小的平缓区域即河谷/沟谷进入大熊猫栖息地,且进入强度由坡度决定;借助空间分析工具及景观指数,对比分析同一干扰源影响下,具有景观差异的邻近沟谷内大熊猫活动对人为干扰的回避距离和对海拔及坡度的利用特征。【结果】栖息地穿孔内的人类干扰沿平缓河谷/沟谷进入栖息地,对大熊猫空间利用和种群格局造成影响。坡度是人类干扰进入大熊猫栖息地的主要限制因子:坡度越小干扰越易进入,迫使大熊猫选择距离沟谷更远、海拔更高的空间,但对大熊猫的坡度利用选择影响较小。【结论】人类干扰以坡度为导向进入大熊猫栖息地,迫使大熊猫对人类干扰产生距离和海拔上的回避;研究结果有助于理解人类干扰进入大熊猫栖息地的特征以及大熊猫空间利用和栖息地选择的影响因素,并提供栖息地内人类活动管理和修复决策的依据。
【Objective】The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of the intrusion of perforation disturbance sources into the giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)habitat of Qinling Mountains,the influence of surrounding landscape,and the spatial utilization response of giant panda to human interferenc.【Methods】Based on the optimal foraging theory,it was hypothesized that human disturbance entered the panda habitats primarily through areas with gentle slopes,such as river valleys or gullies.The intensity of intrusion was assessed based on slope gradients.Using spatial analysis tools and landscape indices,the study compared and analyzed the avoidance distances of giant pandas from human disturbances,as well as their utilization of elevation and slope gradients with landscape characteristics in nearby gullies which make it to face the similar influence from the same disturbance sources.【Results】Human disturbances of perforation infiltrated the panda habitat through gentle valleys and gullies,impacting the spatial utilization and population distribution of giant pandas.Slope gradient emerged as the primary limiting factor for human disturbance of perforation to penetrate panda habitats.The gentler the slope,the easier it was and forcing ginat panda to seek areas farther from gullies,moving to higher elevations.However,the choice of slope gradient for panda utilization remained largely unaffected.【Conclusion】Human disturbances infiltrate giant panda habitats following slope gradients,compelling pandas to avoid such disturbances by switch to higher altitudes and greater distances from gullies.This study enhances our understanding of the characteristics of human disturbance intrusion into panda habitats and the factors influencing panda spatial use and habitat selection.It also provides a foundation for making decisions on managing and restoring habitats impacted by human activities.