文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：北亚热带3种典型森林群落水文过程中盐基离子年内动态变化特征

英文题名：Annual Dynamic Characteristics of Base Cations During Hydrological Processes of Three Forest Communities in Northern Subtropical Region of China

作者：康希睿[1,2] 张涵丹[1] 王小明[1] 陈光才[1]

第一作者：康希睿

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400;[2]南京林业大学,江苏南京210037

年份：2020

卷号：33

期号：5

起止页码：28-37

中文期刊名：林业科学研究

外文期刊名：Forest Research

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2019_2020】；

基金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金重点项目(CAFYBB2017ZA002-2);国家重点研发计划“典型脆弱生态修复与保护研究”重点专项项目(2017YFC050550403);国家自然科学基金项目(41807151)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：毛竹林;杉木林;青冈阔叶林;生长季;非生长季;盐基离子

外文关键词：Phyllostachys pubescens;Cunninghamia lanceolata;Cyclobalanopsis glauca;broadleaved forest;growing season;non-growing season;base cations

分类号：S718.51

摘要：[目的]揭示大气沉降盐基离子在北亚热带典型森林群落中分配特征及其时空差异性,评价典型森林群落对大气降水的净化能力。[方法]于2018年7月至2019年6月,在杭州富阳庙山坞林区毛竹、杉木和青冈林分样地采集大气降水、穿透雨、树干茎流、枯透水和地表径流,对比生长季和非生长季森林群落不同层次各水文分量中Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+的浓度和通量变化。[结果]研究表明,大气降水中Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+的年均浓度分别为0.27、0.36、0.89和0.17 mg·L-1,且K+和Ca2+在生长季浓度高于非生长季;3种森林群落的林冠层和枯落物层对K+、Ca2+和Mg2+均表现出强烈的淋溶作用,并在一定程度上调升降水pH值。林冠层对K+、Ca2+和Mg2+的淋溶率在生长季偏低,而地表层对4种盐基离子的截留率在生长季与非生长季间无显著差异;对比地表径流(输出)与大气降水(输入)通量,3种森林群落对4种盐基离子均表现为截留作用,青冈阔叶林对其截留能力最强,截留率超过94.70%。[结论]3种北亚热带典型森林群落的林冠层和枯落物层是林内盐基离子的重要释放源,并缓冲非生长季酸性降水的pH;地表层则在生长季和非生长季都能有效截留径流水中盐基离子的流失,维持群落内养分循环,并保证森林集水区出水水质安全。
[Objective] To monitor and analyze the precipitation of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ at various vertical levels of forest during the growing season and non-growing season so as to compare the retention ability of nutrients and evaluate the water purification capacity of the three typical forest communities in northern subtropics. [Method]Three typical forest communities, i.e., Phyllostachys pubescens plantation, Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation and broadleaved forest dominated by Cyclobalanopsis glauca were selected and the hydrological processes samples were sampled during July 2018 to June 2019. The concentrations and fluxes of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ in various hydrological components(i.e. precipitation, throughfall, stemflow, litterfall, and runoff) from July 2018 to June 2019 were determined and calculated. [Result] The annual average concentrations of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ in rainfall were0.27, 0.36, 0.89 and 0.17 mg·L-1, respectively, and the cation concentrations of K+ and Ca2+ were higher in the growing season than in non-growing season. The canopy and litter layers of the three forest communities leached K+, Ca2+,and Mg2+ strongly and elevated the pH value of the rain. However, the leaching rate of the three kinds of cation by canopy layer was lower in the growing season, and the interception rate of the surface layer was insignificantly different between the growing season and the non-growing season. Comparing surface runoff(output) and atmospheric precipitation(input) fluxes, all the three forest communities showed a trapping effect on base cations, and the broadleaved forest dominated by Cyclobalanopsis glauca showed the strongest trapping capacity, with a trapping rate exceeding 94.70%. [Conclusion] The canopy and litter layers of the three forest communities are important sources of base cations which can buffer the acidic precipitation in non-growing season, while the surface layer effectively prevents the loss of base cations in both growing and non-growing seasons, maintains the nutrient cycling in the community and protects the safety of water quality in forest stream.